Study of endometrial changes in fibriod uterus

Abstract

Introduction: Uterine Leiomyoma is perhaps the most common tumour in females. They are benign smooth muscle neoplasms that might occur singly or multiple. Leiomyoma the most common indication for hysterectomies in pre-menopausal women, are also commonly known as fibroids or fibromyomas. These benign growths are usually etiologically related to hormonal excess or imbalance. Aim: To study the Endometrial changes in Leiomyoma of the uterus, and also to study the correlation of various parameters (Age distribution, Clinical presentation, Location of tumour, Count, Size) in hysterectomy specimens with Leiomyoma. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective series study, where hysterectomy specimens with Leiomyoma, were sent for the histopathological study to the Pathology department of Saveetha Medical College (tertiary care hospital), conducted from June 2018 to December 2018. Result: The most common Endometrial change in Leiomyoma of the uterus, was found to be the Proliferative Endometrium (5 2%). The average (mean) age was found to be 47 years and the most common age group was 41-50 years (62%). The most common clinical presentation was Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (54%). The most common site for the Leiomyoma was found to be Intramural location (81%), and mostly Single (67%), most lesions being less than 5 Centimetres (81%) in size. Conclusion: Proliferative endometrium was the predominant endometrial change in Leiomyoma of uterus. Hysterectomy is the most common procedure in the treatment and management of Leiomyoma of the uterus, where occasional cases of endometrial hyperplasia may go unchecked. Hence histopathological study is a must for confirmed diagnosis and optimal treatment. Keywords: Leiomyoma, Endometrium, Uterine Fibroids, Hysterectomy.