Study of Elastic Modulus and Yield Strength of Polymer Thin Films Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Abstract

Nanometer-scale elastic moduli and yield strengths of polycarbonate (PC) and polystyrene (PS) thin films were measured with atomic force microscopy (AFM) indentation measurements. By analysis of the AFM indentation force curves with the method by Oliver and Pharr, Young's moduli of PC and PS thin films could be obtained as 2.2 ± 0.1 and 2.6 ± 0.1 GPa, respectively, which agree well with the literature values. By fitting Johnson's conical spherical cavity model to the measured plastic zone sizes, we obtained yield strengths of 141.2 MPa for PC thin films and 178.7 MPa for PS thin films, which are ∼2 times the values expected from the literature. We propose that it is due to the AFM indentation being asymmetric, which was not accounted for in Johnson's model. A correction factor, ε, of ∼0.72 was introduced to rescale the plastic zone size, whereupon good agreement between theory and experiment was achieved.