Study of double-chamber air arc plasma torch and the application in solid-waste disposal

Abstract

Arc plasma can be applied in hazardous solid waste disposal for higher temperature than common heating methods, but some practical issues exist in practical engineering application. In this study, an air arc plasma torch with double chambers and magnetic controlling is designed to realize wide variable power and long electrode life. The detailed characteristics and laws of the air arc are studied. The condition parameters of arc current (I), air flow rate (G) and the structure parameters of inlet area ratios and electrode diameters influence both the arc voltage and arc root positions. The arc rotating driven by magnetic field effectively lengthens the electrode life. The gasification process and product of organic wastes by air plasma are influenced largely by the waste compositions and the air flow rate. A furnace structure with more even atmosphere and longer residence time should be considered for better gasification. Oxygen-deficient environment is important to suppress NO x formation during the application of air plasma. Inorganic solid wastes can be melt by the air plasma and cooled down to form compact vitreous structures in which heavy metals can be locked and the leaching rates significantly decrease down.