Study of DNA Interaction and Cytotoxicity Activity of Oxidovanadium(V) Complexes with ONO Donor Schiff Base Ligands

Gurunath Sahu,Edward R T Tiekink,Rupam Dinda

doi:10.3390/inorganics9090066

Gurunath Sahu, Edward R T Tiekink + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics9090066

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Abstract

Two new oxidovanadium(V) complexes, (HNEt3)[VVO2L] (1) and [(VVOL)2μ-O] (2), have been synthesized using a tridentate Schiff base ligand H2L [where H2L = 4-((E)-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenylimino)methyl)benzene-1,3-diol] and VO(acac)2 as starting metal precursor. The ligand and corresponding metal complexes are characterized by physicochemical (elemental analysis), spectroscopic (FT-IR, UV–Vis, and NMR), and spectrometric (ESI–MS) methods. X-ray crystallographic analysis indicates the anion in salt 1 features a distorted square-pyramidal geometry for the vanadium(V) center defined by imine-N, two phenoxide-O, and two oxido-O atoms. The interaction of the compounds with CT–DNA was studied through UV–Vis absorption titration and circular dichroism methods. The results indicated that complexes showed enhanced binding affinity towards DNA compared to the ligand molecule. Finally, the in vitro cytotoxicity studies of H2L, 1, and 2 were evaluated against colon cancer (HT-29) and mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cell lines by MTT assay. The results demonstrated that the compounds manifested a cytotoxic potential comparable with clinically referred drugs and caused cell death by apoptosis.

Highlights

In the family of the vanadium complexes, the oxoidovanadium Schiff base complexes are the most rapidly growing class owing to their rich underlying features and vital role during the process of interaction with various biomolecules [1]
In continuation of our previous work on the synthesis, characterization, and biological studies of vanadium(V/IV) complexes [8,13,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45], here we report a new mononuclear dioxidovanadium(V) (1) as well as an oxido-bridged dinuclear oxidovanadium(V) (2) complex, each with a tridentate ONO donor Schiff base ligand derived from 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-amino-4-nitrophenol
The ligand and complexes were characterized by FT-IR, UV–Vis, and NMR (1 H, 13 C, and 51 V) spectroscopy, ESI–MS, and the purity was confirmed by CHN analysis

Summary

Introduction

In the family of the vanadium complexes, the oxoidovanadium Schiff base complexes are the most rapidly growing class owing to their rich underlying features and vital role during the process of interaction with various biomolecules [1]. Oxidovanadium complexes have various roles in biochemical processes, such as nitrogen fixation, haloperoxidation, and glycogen metabolism [5,6]. The investigation of the antifungal, antibacterial, and anticancer activities of these complexes has become the main subject of many studies. There is a growing interest in the in vitro and in vivo studies of vanadium complexes towards the treatments of diabetes and cancer [7,8]. After the discovery of many oxidovanadium drugs, bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV), BMOV, as glucose and lipid-lowering insulin mimetics, the focus on these types of compounds was stimulated [9]

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