Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disproportionately affects individuals with various comorbidities. Among these, chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been shown to be strongly associated with the progression to severe disease. This study aimed to assess the severity and disease outcomes in patients with COVID-19 infection and CKD.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital from July 2021 to September 2021. The case records of patients with CKD and COVID-19 were studied. They were compared with age and gender-matched controls equally. The presenting symptoms, clinical course, severity of illness, laboratory markers, need for ventilator support, and mortality outcomes were studied.Results: In total, 40 CKD and 40 non-CKD patients with COVID-19 were included in the study. It was also observed that among the patients with CKD, more patients had fever, breathlessness, and diarrhea. The requirement for noninvasive ventilation, ventilator, and inotropes was on the higher average for patients with CKD. Overall mortality was 27.5% in the CKD group and 2.5% in the non-CKD group, which was statistically significant (p = 0.002).Conclusions: COVID-19 patients with CKD had more severe illnesses with a requirement of ventilator support and had higher mortality than the patients without CKD. Patients with CKD are a key subset of patients with COVID-19 for whom more aggressive early treatment and stricter preventive measures may be beneficial.
Highlights
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are a key subset of patients with COVID-19 for whom more aggressive early treatment and stricter preventive measures may be beneficial
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-2 has caused a large number of infections and deaths worldwide
Our study shows that CKD is a key risk factor for the severity of COVID-19
Summary
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-2 has caused a large number of infections and deaths worldwide. Despite a large number of infections and deaths globally, the factors influencing the severity and mortality of the illness are still not completely understood. The disease is asymptomatic or manifests as a mild illness, which passes quickly, whereas, in others, it can cause life-threatening pneumonia, respiratory failure, and multi-organ damage [2]. It is, imperative to analyze the occurrence of severe disease and higher mortality rates in various patient subsets to understand the factors that predispose people for more severe infection and mortality. This study aimed to assess the severity and disease outcomes in patients with COVID-19 infection and CKD
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