Study of degradability and cytotoxicity of polyurethanes obtained from polyols derived from castor oil and starch modified via glycosylation with ethylene glycol

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event Study of degradability and cytotoxicity of polyurethanes obtained from polyols derived from castor oil and starch modified via glycosylation with ethylene glycol Manuel Valero1 1 Universidad de La Sabana, Chemical engineering Program, Colombia Numerous studies have been performed using castor oil and starch in the synthesis of polyurethanes. The results have demonstrated that when the starch is added directly, without modification, the tensile strength and hardness are increased, and the elongation at break decreases. However, the changes in these properties are not significant because when unmodified starch is added, the starch hydroxyl groups do not react to form urethane bonds, and the primary effect of the starch granules is to act as strengthening filler in the material. In addition, it has been found that the separation of phases increases because of the contrast between the hydrophilic nature of the starch and the hydrophobic nature of the polyurethane. Various methods of causing the hydroxyl groups present in the starch structure to form urethane bonds, thereby improving the interfacial adhesion between the starch and the polyurethane matrix, have been evaluated. One of these methods is the modification of the starch through a glycosylation reaction. When the starch is divided into smaller units (disaccharides and monosaccharides), a polyol with greater hydroxylic functionality is obtained; therefore, it is possible to obtain polyurethane with a greater cross-linking density. In previous studies, a diverse range of polyurethanes obtained from polyols derived from castor oil (original and modified) and starch have been synthesized and characterized, but in most of these studies, diisocyanates derived through petrochemistry have been used, such as methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). Some aromatic diisocyanates can produce toxic and carcinogenic products, and therefore, these materials are not suitable for the manufacture of biodegradable scaffolds, whereas aliphatic diisocyanates degrade into non-toxic products. Moreover, most of these studies have focused on the synthesis and mechanical, thermal and morphological characterization of the developed materials; few studies have been concerned with the evaluation of the biodegradable and biocompatible nature of these materials in an attempt to identify candidate materials for biomedical applications. However, polyurethanes have become one of the most popular classes of biomaterials for use in biomedical applications because of their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. The objective of the present study was to obtain a polyurethane that can be derived from renewable resources (castor oil and starch) using a diisocyanate (lysine methyl ester diisocyanate (LDI)) and that is easily hydrolyzed and biocompatible. Polyurethanes were synthesized from castor-oil-derived polyols, starch modified via glycosylation with ethylene glycol and lysine-derived diisocyanates. The effects of the modification of the diisocyanate structure on the mechanical and thermal properties of the materials were studied, as were the materials’ biodegradation characteristics (contact angle, swelling in water and in vitro degradation) and in vitro cytotoxicity as a function of the changes in the interactions between the soft and hard segments and in the cross-linking density of the polyurethane. The results were compared with those of homologous materials obtained in previous studies using IPDI. The objective was to evaluate biodegradable segmented polyurethanes that may be useful in biomedical applications. Keywords: in vitro, Biocompatibility, biomedical application, biodegredation Conference: 10th World Biomaterials Congress, Montréal, Canada, 17 May - 22 May, 2016. Presentation Type: Poster Topic: Adhesive biomaterials Citation: Valero M (2016). Study of degradability and cytotoxicity of polyurethanes obtained from polyols derived from castor oil and starch modified via glycosylation with ethylene glycol. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. Conference Abstract: 10th World Biomaterials Congress. doi: 10.3389/conf.FBIOE.2016.01.00929 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 27 Mar 2016; Published Online: 30 Mar 2016. Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. 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