Abstract
The decontamination of chemical warfare agents is important for the elimination or reduction of the effects of these substances on persons. Solid decontamination (degradation) sorbents that decompose dangerous substances belong among modern decontamination substances. The aim of the study was to design a procedure for monitoring the degradation of chemical warfare agents using such sorbents. The degradation of soman, VX [O-ethyl-S-(diisopropylaminoethyl)methylphosphonothioate] and sulphur mustard (chemical warfare agents) was monitored using FTIR spectrometry with the attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique. During the development and validation of this process, bonds were found in the substance molecule that decomposed and the positions of the absorbance bands corresponded to the vibration of these bonds. The evaluation of the degradation efficiency procedure for sorbents on chemical warfare agents was designed based on this study. We present the result of the measurements graphically as the time dependence of the distributed chemical warfare agent ratio, and the reaction times required to decompose 50% and 90% of the original amount of the substance.
Highlights
Decontamination of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) is a significant measure of active protection against the consequences of uncontrolled leakage of CWAs into the environment, or the consequences of their misuse
We present the result of the measurements graphically as the time dependence of the distributed chemical warfare agent ratio, and the reaction times required to decompose 50% and 90%
The results show that the rate of CWA decomposition due to decontamination sorbents decreased in the order of soman–agent VX–sulfur mustard
Summary
Decontamination of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) is a significant measure of active protection against the consequences of uncontrolled leakage of CWAs into the environment, or the consequences of their misuse. Decontamination is carried out in the event that human lives, health, properties, or the environment are at risk because of a contaminant’s hazardous properties, and to prevent the spread of CWAs or other hazardous substances. Decontamination may be carried out using chemical, physical, combined physical/chemical, mechanical and biological (biodegradation) methods [1,2]
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