Abstract
In the absence of traditional communication infrastructures, the choice of available technologies for building data collection and control systems in remote areas is very limited. This paper reviews and analyzes protocols and technologies for transferring Internet of Things (IoT) data and presents an architecture for a hybrid IoT-satellite network, which includes a long range (LoRa) low power wide area network (LPWAN) terrestrial network for data collection and an Iridium satellite system for backhaul connectivity. Simulation modelling, together with a specialized experimental stand, allowed us to study the applicability of different methods of information presentation for the case of transmitting IoT data over low-speed satellite communication channels. We proposed a data encoding and packaging scheme called GDEP (Gateway Data Encoding and Packaging). It is based on the combination of data format conversion at the connection points of a heterogeneous network and message packaging. GDEP enabled the reduction of the number of utilized Short Burst Data (SBD) containers and the overall transmitted data size by almost five times.
Highlights
The task of deploying data collection networks in regions without any existing infrastructure poses a number of challenges for engineers
There are a number of Internet of Remote Things (IoRT) application areas, in which satellite communication (SATCOM) is of primary importance, being the only feasible option of integrating a local data collection system into the global network—shipping, vessel tracking, marine engineering [2], smart grid [3,4], ecological monitoring, emergency management and medicine [4], earthquakes, flash floods, terrorist attacks and tsunami detection [5,6], oil and gas industries [7] and backhaul connectivity [3,8]
Other notable scenarios include the Internet of Underground Things (IoUT) [9], the Internet of Cultural Things (IoCT) [10,11], the Internet of Arctic Things (IoAT) [12,13] and security and military affairs
Summary
The task of deploying data collection networks in regions without any existing infrastructure poses a number of challenges for engineers. Energy efficiency remains the main requirement for data transmission in the Internet of things as it directly affects the lifetime of autonomous devices. One of the factors that influence energy efficiency is the amount of transmitted data or the ratio between service data and useful payload Optimizing such a ratio can be done by changing the existing network algorithms and protocols. Because of the vast array of technologies existing both on the terrestrial side and the satellite side, in Section 3 we first justify our choice of standards and protocols, present an architecture of a low power wide area network (LPWAN) [34]-satellite network for the Internet of things in hard-to-reach areas.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
