Study of cylindrical Zn/PANI secondary batteries with the electrolyte containing alkylimidazolium ionic liquid

Abstract

Polyaniline doped with ZnCl2 (PANI/Zn2+) is prepared by chemical polymerization of aniline in a solution of 0.3M aniline, 0.3M zinc chloride, 1.0M hydrochloric acid and 0.33M ammonium persulfate at 5°C. Polyaniline powder is mixed with acetylene black and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to be used as positive electrodes (cathodes) in batteries. Zinc powder is mixed with alloyed powder (65wt.% Cu, 20wt.% Sn, 15wt.% Zn), acetylene black and CMC to obtain the negative electrodes (anodes). The battery electrolyte comprises 1.0M ZnCl2 and 2.0M NH4Cl in the aqueous solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate (EMIES) (water/EMIES, 92:8 by volume). EMIES is added to the battery electrolyte to prevent the formation of Zn dendrites. The assembled cylindrical battery has an open-circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.32V and the maximum specific capacity of the battery is 89.9mAhg−1 at pH 4.0.