Abstract
The very thick corrosion layers on a nail of archaeological origin were investigated, layer by layer, by various techniques: Mossbauer spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction, thermomagnetic and chemical analysis. The following model of podzol soil corrosion layer was derived: near the nucleus, crystalline iron oxides, such as Fe3O4 and Fe2O3 predominate, and on approaching the surface of the sample the quantity of magnetite diminishes and virtually disappears, haematite is found on the surface only in fine dispersed form, while the concentrations of iron-sulphur and iron-phosphate compounds are increased. This model can be explained only by active bacteria (especially sulphate reducing) playing a role in the process of soil corrosion.
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