Abstract
Development of the studies of the Sun and processes in it were inspired by the importance of its influence on the Earth. We studied the relation between the variations of the appearance of sunspots on the visible surface of the Sun and the geomagnetic activity from 1868 to 2008. We analyzed this relation over three periods of time:‐The first one covers the entire record of the aa index of geomagnetic activity (from 1868 to 2008). ‐The second includes the first 82 years of the record (1868–1950). ‐The third one includes the first 52 years of the record (1868–1920).The calculated correlation between the annual Wolf number and annual aa index of geomagnetic activity for the overall record indicates unexpectedly low correlation. But it is visibly higher in the beginning of the aa index record. So we decided to study it over two shorter spans of time: for the period from 1868 to 1950 it exhibits correlation coefficient of 0.41, while for the period from 1868 to 1920 it is even higher, notably 0.61. Increasing ...
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