Abstract
Evaluation of body composition (BC) represents a valuable screening tool to assess nutritional status among diabetic patients. The most commonly used methods to evaluate BC in the clinical practice are based on bicompartmental models such as dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) etc. Factors like daily caloric intake (DCI), percentage of total body water (%TBW), muscle mass and bone mass and the changes that occur in these components with age could be related to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of the study is to use Bioimpedance Analysis (BIA) as a screening tool to assess the correlation between these parameters in type 2 diabetic patients. This study was conducted on 200 T2DM patients aged 25-45 years for a duration of 6 months in an urban out-patients clinic after obtaining proper informed consent and ethics committee approval. A multifrequency body composition monitor TANITA MC 980 was used to analyse muscle mass, bone mass and %TBW. The impedance readings were entered into medically researched formulae to calculate body composition. The results were correlated with DCI. The study results showed a strong correlation between DCI and muscle mass (p<0.01). Scatter diagram analysis showed that muscle mass has a significant correlation with DCI at p<0.01. No significant correlation was observed between bone mass, and metabolic age with DCI. Joint regression analysis by ANOVA showed a significant correlation between %TBW and muscle mass with DCI at p<0.05. This study showed a strong correlation between DCI and increasing muscle mass and basal metabolic rate among diabetic patients. It also shows that BIA is a useful tool for clinical studies in assessing the correlation between DCI and body composition among type 2 diabetic patients.
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