Abstract
A significant part of reinforced concrete structures is subjected to intensive environmental impact during operation. This can cause local destruction and failure of buildings if obligatory measures are not taken to protect them from corrosion. This is especially true for industrial buildings, where the environment could be contaminated with aggressive products or waste. An important issue is the development of methods for calculating the load-bearing capacity and serviceability of reinforced concrete structures with corrosion damage. The main reason for this is the necessity to determine the durability and reliability of buildings and structures and the estimation of their safe operation time. As corrosion damages of concrete are a critical issue, more detailed experimental studies are needed. This paper presents experimental studies of concrete prisms under the simultaneous action of an aggressive environment and a constant level of compressive force. In total, 32 prisms under different loading conditions and in different aggressive medium were tested. Samples were divided in series, for which different load levels were chosen (, , ). Additionally, control samples in the air and immersed in water were tested. During the experiment, different parameters were monitored and recorded: decrease of cross-sectional size, the temperature and environmental humidity. Results of the study showed that destruction occurred due to the presence of corrosion damages of concrete and a reduction of the cross-sectional area. The stresses in the concrete at the destruction stage were less than the value of the prism strength by 10–12%. It was established that along the contour of the section, there is a partially degraded layer of concrete of 1.5–3.7 mm thickness, with corrosion microcracks and corrosion products. Additionally, experimental and theoretical diagrams of concrete with corrosion damages were obtained and compared. The ultimate deformations of concrete with corrosion damage, which correspond to the prismatic strength of concrete, in comparison with undamaged concrete were lower by 11–18%. Therefore, the concrete strength is decreased during exploitation under loading in an aggressive environment, which needs to be taken into account during calculations.
Highlights
Introduction and Literature ReviewIntensive environmental impact is an important problem for concrete and reinforced concrete structures which are currently operated
The analysis shows that the methodology of valid norms in all cases does not allow to determine with sufficient accuracy the strength of compressed concrete elements with corrosion damages
Experimental research conducted in this work detailed the study of stress–strain of concrete samples, subjected to simultaneous action of aggressive impact and constant loading
Summary
Intensive environmental impact is an important problem for concrete and reinforced concrete structures which are currently operated. An effective way to increase corrosion resistance could be the introduction of modifying additives: primary waste from the production of polyvinyl chloride, as well as complex additives—polymers and active dispersed fillers. Most researchers [29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46] agree that quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the residual bearing capacity of damaged material should include consideration of specifics of physical and chemical corrosion mechanisms This problem was thoroughly discussed in a number of previous research works. In recent times, studies dedicated to qualitive and quantitative assessment of corrosion processes in concrete with the use of accelerated corrosion tests are widespread [36,37] Speaking, during such tests, the effect of corrosion is evaluated according to values of material loss. Further investigation of this urgent issue and more detailed experimental studies of the effect of corrosion on concrete damage are required
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