Study of coastline changes and land use change in marine protected area (Case study: Derawan Island, East Kalimantan Province)

Abstract

Derawan Island is an island with an area of 45 ha, it categorized as a small island and part of Derawan Islands archipelago located in East Kalimantan province. It designated as a conservation area by the decision of Berau District Head No. 516 of 2013 concerning the Reservation of Coastal Conservation Areas and Small Islands. Derawan Island, also known as the National Tourism Destination (DPN) based on its coral reefs diversity that considered adjacent to the Coral Triangle Initiative (CTI). The increase of Tourist visits to Derawan Islands since 2000, which affected land cover changes in Derawan Island coast such as for lodging, jetty and other infrastructure. Changes in land cover together with natural coastal processes causing abrasion in the west, and east sides, while accretion in the southeast side of the island. Land cover change especially built-up area from 2003 to 2018 is 6.25% per year. Observations and analyzes using DSAS (Digital Coastline Analysis System) conducted in 2003, 2011 and 2018 illustrates coastline change which shown by abrasion an accretion along Derawan Island. Abrasion trends increased from 2003, 2011 and 2018 with the highest abrasion rate up to 12.4 m / year, which occurred on the west side, while the highest accretion rate was 2.46 m / year on the southeast side. Based on several considerations and conditions, it is highly recommended that the coastal border for utilization in the islands is around 15 m.