Study of coagulation profile and platelet count in pregnancy induced hypertension, preeclamptic and eclamptic patients

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy is one of the major causes of maternal & perinatal morbidity and mortality. Pregnancy induced hypertention (PIH) is defined as hypertension that develops as the direct result of the gravid state. Profound changes in coagulation and fibrinolytic system occur during normal pregnancy causing hypercoagulable state. Preeclampsia and eclampsia is a highly thrombotic and pro-coagulant state with platelet activation and thrombin and fibrin formation. Methodology: A prospective study carried out in department of pathology B. J. medical college during March 2021 to August 2021. Coagulation profile (PT, aPTT, and D-dimer) and platelet count was done in cases and values were correlated with the severity of PIH. Results: Total of 100 cases were included in the study. 26 were mild gestational hypertension, 13 cases were severe gestational hypertension, 36 cases were mild pre-eclampsia and 14 cases were in severe pre-eclampsia group and 11 patients in eclampsia group. Prolonged PT, aPTT, D-Dimer and thrombocytopenia was seen in 9 cases, 29 cases, 32 cases and 17 cases respectively. In our study we observed increased aPTT, D-dimer and thrombocytopenia in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia patients. Conclusion: Estimation of the coagulation parameters and platelet count play an important role in the evaluation of risk factors, early detection, and effective antenatal services. Which can help to reduce the maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality associated with pregnancy induced hypertension.