Study of Clinicopathological Pattern and Outcome of Adnexal Masses in Females from Puberty to Perimenopause at LD Hospital

Abstract

Background: An adnexal mass, which refers to a mass located in the ovary, fallopian tube, or surrounding connective tissues, is a common problem in gynecology. A significant number of females present with adnexal masses, and the clinicopathological pattern and outcome of these masses are not well characterized. Therefore, a study was undertaken to evaluate the clinicopathological features and outcomes of adnexal masses in females from puberty to perimenopause. Methods: This study was a prospective observational study that was conducted over a period of one and a half years in the postgraduate department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Lalla Ded Hospital, GMC Srinagar. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institution Ethics Committee (IEC) prior to conducting the study. Results: For patients aged 12-20, the chief complaints were pain abdomen (66.7%) and menorrhagia (33.3%). For patients aged 21-30, the chief complaints were pain abdomen (70.3%), dysmenorrhea (11.1%), secondary infertility (7.4%), and incidental finding during LSCS (11.1%). For patients aged 31-40, the chief complaints were pain abdomen (96%) and incidental finding during LSCS (4%). For patients aged 41-50, the chief complaints were distension and menorrhagia (both 50%). The chief complaints associated with these masses include Pain abdomen, Dysmenorrhea, Secondary infertility, Menorrhagia, Distension, Polymenorrhea, and Incidendal finding. The percentage of patients associated with each type of adnexal mass varies from 1% to 100%, depending on the type and chief complaint. Conclusion: The study found that adnexal masses were more prevalent in married women aged 21 to 40 years, with abdominal pain being the primary presenting symptom. Most of the masses were less than 100cc, and the majority of neoplastic lesions were surface epithelial tumors. The study also showed that non-neoplastic lesions were more common than neoplastic lesions, with only one malignant tumor found among the neoplastic lesions. Keywords: Adnexal mass, ovarian cancer, clinical presentation, histopathology