Study of changes in the activity levels of purine nucleoside phosphorylase and the role of nitric oxide in the development of pathology in alloxan-diabetic rats

Abstract

The problem of treating diabetes mellitus has not been resolved to this day; it requires a detailed study of various links of pathogenesis at the molecular level. In diabetes, conditions arise for the formation of oxidative stress. Diabetes mellitus is associated with the early development of cardiovascular complications, the immune e system is destroyed. Endothelial cells produce nitric oxide (NO), a substance that is able to maintain a balance of vascular tone, coagulation and inflammation. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) is one of the most important enzymes of purine metabolism, which characterizes the immune status of the organism. The aim of this study was to study the enzymatic activity of PNP, as well as to determine the levels of nitric oxide in the blood serum, liver and pancreas in albino rats with simulated alloxan diabetes. The results of our studies on the detection of changes in the activity of PNP in the pancreas on the model of alloxandiabetic rats showed that at the late stage, the activity of PNP in the pancreas is completely suppressed, which indicates significant changes in the immune status of the body, the content of nitric oxide increases. Understanding the complex metabolic disorders that interact with the NO system may provide us with additional therapeutic options to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetes mellitus. Indicators of NO and PNP can be used as additional paraclinical indicators for early diagnosis and to identify and clarify the degree of activity of the pathological process, the nature of the course, the stage of the disease, which contributes to the appointment of individualized adequate therapy.