Study of changes in groundwater quality indicators during operation of water intake well

Abstract

Groundwater is one of the main sources of providing people with drinking water. However, during the period of operation of water wells, the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of groundwater change significantly. These changes depend on many factors of natural and man-made origin, in particular, depletion of reserves, conditions of operation and construction of wells, anthropogenic impact on the environment and so on. To assess the water quality of the underground source intended for water supply of one of the facilities in Kyiv, a number of studies of the quality of water extracted from a well 67 m deep were compared. Experiments conducted after the well in 2010 and 2021 were compared. The analysis of the obtained results showed changes in the indicators of groundwater quality during the well operation, which relate to water turbidity, color, total hardness, dry residue, total iron and manganese content.
 In the current operating conditions of the water intake, the groundwater raised to the surface does not meet the current regulatory quality requirements, and therefore it needs to be purified before it is delivered to consumers. For this case and the need to provide water to a small facility, it is recommended to use the technology of deironing water by biological oxidation. The use of a bioreactor with an insoluble carrier and a contact-clarifying filter with expanded polystyrene loading is proposed. The technology has shown high efficiency in both laboratory and production conditions for local water mains.