Abstract
One important point in the determination of the automorphisms of the classical groups is the study of group-theoretic properties of the elements of order 2, that is, the involutions. The group of similitudes and the projective group of similitudes of a non-degenerate quadratic form Q are extensions of the orthogonal group and the projective orthogonal group, respectively. These extended groups may contain involutions which do not belong to the orthogonal group or the projective orthogonal group. To study the automorphisms of such groups, group-theoretic properties of some of these new involutions should be established.The aim of this paper is to give some properties of a similitude T of ratio ρ whose square T2 is equal to the scalar multiplication by — p (it is always assumed that we are dealing with a field of characteristic ≠2). If ρ = — 1, T is an involution in the group of similitudes and for any ρ the coset of T in the projective group of similitudes is an involution.
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