Abstract
The prospective study has been designed to determine some biomarkers in Iraqi female patients withbreast cancer. The current study contained 30 patients whose tissue samples have been collected fromhospitals in Medical City in Baghdad after consent patients themselves and used immunohistochemicaltechnique to determine these markers. The results showed a significant correlation between ER and PR tissuemarkers (Sig = 0.000) and a significant correlation between cyclin E phenotype and cyclin E intensity (Sig =0.001).
Highlights
IntroductionBreast cancer is the most common cancer in women [1].It’s the most diagnosed cancer that causes death in women and it is noticed to be a higher incidence in developed countries with higher death rates in developing countries [2].Most breast cancer begins either in glands for milk secretion called (lobule) or in ducts that are attached with lobule and nipple [3]
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women [1].It’s the most diagnosed cancer that causes death in women and it is noticed to be a higher incidence in developed countries with higher death rates in developing countries [2].Most breast cancer begins either in glands for milk secretion called or in ducts that are attached with lobule and nipple [3]
The results showed a significant correlation between Estrogen Receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) tissue markers (Sig = 0.000) and a significant correlation between cyclin E phenotype and cyclin E intensity (Sig = 0.001)
Summary
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women [1].It’s the most diagnosed cancer that causes death in women and it is noticed to be a higher incidence in developed countries with higher death rates in developing countries [2].Most breast cancer begins either in glands for milk secretion called (lobule) or in ducts that are attached with lobule and nipple [3]. Hormone receptors are a group of substances in tumor tissue that is used for diagnosing and predicting of breast cancer. These receptors include Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Her – 2) [5] and Cyclin E [6].Estrogen and Progesterone receptors are intracellular receptors that estimated estrogen activity, estrogen pass through cell membrane and bind with ER in nucleus and transforming the receptor and bind to specific response elements known as estrogen response elements (EREs) that localized in promoter of target genes [7]. Estrogen and Progesterone receptors are important to determine in patients to start adjuvant therapy (Tamoxifen) that considered a most endocrine treatment which block E2 binding [10] and Neoadjuvant therapy describe before surgery to decrease the size of un-resected tumor and may be to the reduction of mastectomy [11]
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