Study of bronchial asthma in the USSR in 1960–1980s

Abstract

The article attempts to analyze in chronological order the stages of the history of the study of bronchial asthma in the USSR in the 1960-1980s. Named the main scientific centers and schools of the USSR, leading scientists who have made an invaluable contribution to the study of the disease, its classification, identified the main directions in the study of bronchial asthma. The significant achievements of Soviet medicine at each of the historical stages, as well as the regularity of the formation of pulmonology in the USSR as a separate medical discipline are shown. In the 60s of the twentieth century in the USSR there is a significant increase in patients with bronchial asthma, including its severe form as an asthmatic status. This required the intensification of scientific research and strengthening of clinical work in the field of pulmonology. The country begins the formation of several scientific schools in different republics and cities. In these centers, bronchial asthma are studied, all-Union and Republican conferences devoted to this disease are held. In 1967 the first all-Union research Institute of pulmonology of the Ministry of Health of the USSR (Leningrad) was opened. With the accumulation of knowledge changed views on the essence of the disease, improved its classification. Such outstanding scientists as A.D. Ado, P.K. Bulatov, G.B. Fedoseev, A.G. Chuchalin played the most important role in the history of bronchial asthma study. In 1986, a new medical specialty - pulmonology appeared in the USSR. In 1991 in Moscow was opened the research Institute of pulmonology, who later became a leading pulmonary center of our country (Research Institute of Pulmonology). The Soviet pulmonology school was finally formed by the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, it has achieved great success in studying the nature and characters of the course of bronchial asthma, having its own original classification and approaches to bronchial asthma therapy.