Study of Breeding and Migrations of the Golden Eagle in Mongolia

Abstract

Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) play a crucial role in the ecosystems of the Bayan-Ulgii province and its neighboring regions. Our research focuses on the comprehensive survey of Golden Eagle nests and study of their migration patterns via the satellite tracking, providing valuable insights into population dynamics and migratory behaviors. In the years 2021 and 2022, we accomplished an extensive search for Golden Eagle eyries across 13 diverse counties in Bayan-Ulgii province, including Altai, Altantsugts, Bayannuur, Bayan-Ulgii, Bugat, Deluun, Erdeneburen, Nogoonnuur, Sagsai, Tolbo, Tsagaannuur, Tsengel, and Ulaankhus. This collaborative effort in partnership with local communities and herders allowed us to identify and document a total of 75 Golden Eagle nests, with 49 being active during this two-year period. To deepen our understanding of these majestic birds, a satellite tracking program was started in September 2019 during the Ulaankhus Eagle Festival. Through GPS tagging, we monitored the migration of five Golden Eagles, previously used in Kazakh falconry and subsequently released. This tracking initiative provided us with valuable data on their movements and behaviors, shedding light on their survival challenges and migration routes. Our research not only contributes to the conservation efforts of Golden Eagles but also enhances our understanding of the interconnectedness of various raptor species within the region, including Bearded Vultures (Gypaetus barbatus), Cinereous Vultures (Aegypius monachus), Black Kites (Milvus migrans), Steppe Eagles (Aquila nipalensis), Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus), and Saker Falcons (Falco cherrug). The study of these species in their natural habitats enriches our understanding of the intricate ecological dynamics at play. By sharing our findings, we aim to foster a deeper appreciation for these iconic birds and promote their conservation in the Bayan-Ulgii province and beyond. Our presentation will highlight the results of our Golden Eagle nest survey and tracking, emphasizing the importance of community involvement in wildlife research and conservation.