Abstract
Aim. To study the physicomechanical and physicochemical properties of bottom sediments of the Chiryurt Reservoir, Kizilyurtovskiy District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia with a view to their possible utilisation as building materials for the production of certain grades of concrete and road asphalt-concrete, as well as for the preparation of soil substrate and as additives to potassium and phosphate mineral fertilizers. Material and Methods . The bottom sediments of the Chiryurt Reservoir, taken from different depths and different reservoir locations, were studied by spectrophoto-metric and granulometric methods. Results. The study identified: particle size distribution of samples of bottom sediments; humus content; soil fertility elements: potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus as well as heavy metal content. Conclusions: 1. Analysis of the bottom sediment samples indicates that the soil fertility elements potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus are not sufficient for them to be used as an independent fertilizer, although they might perhaps be used as an auxiliary additive to a principal fertilizer. The levels of toxicity of heavy metals were found to be very low - much lower than the Maximum Allowable Concentrations. 2. The sediments could be used as soils for the reclamation of land after anthropogenic interference (e.g. after a quarry has been excavated for brick production, after excavations during road construction of roads), for the modification of vertical terrain in settled areas, for landscaping, etc. 3. According to the granulometric analysis of the material composition of the samples, the bottom sediments are 85-90% composed of clay particles (thus there is no need to undertake procedures to separate out the sand fraction). 4. Since peat deposits are present in the bottom sediments of the reservoir, it makes sense to separately assess their volumes for independent development for use as fertilizer for the re-cultivation of floodplain lands.
Highlights
Цели исследования: исследование физико‐ механических и физико‐химических свойств донных отложений Чирюртского водохранилища с целью возможного использования их в качестве строительного материала для производств некоторых марок бетона и дорожных асфальтобетонов, а также для приготовления почвенного субстрата и добавки к калийным и фосфатным минеральным удобрениям
1. Analysis of the bottom sediment samples indicates that the soil fertility elements potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus are not sufficient for them to be used as an independent fertilizer, they might perhaps be used as an auxil‐ iary additive to a principal fertilizer
According to the granulometric analysis of the material composition of the samples, the bottom sediments are 85‐90% composed of clay particles
Summary
Проведена статистическая обработка по частным определениям характеристик грунтов, установлены их расчетные и нормативные значения. Расчетные значения прочностных характеристик и плотности грунта получают путем деления их нормативных значений на коэффициент надежности по грунту ( g) Для физических характеристик, согласно СНиП 2.02.01‐83, g принят равным единице. Для прочностных характеристик принимают два значения g:. – при доверительной вероятности =0,95 для расчетов по 1‐ой группе предельных состояний – gI. – при доверительной вероятности =0,95 для расчетов по 2‐группе предельных состояний gII. При этом определены основные физико‐механические показатели грунтов Выполненные анализы проб донных отложений Чирюртского водохранилища позволяют сделать следующий вывод. 3.Содержание нитратного азота определялось по методике измерений массовой доли водорастворимых анионов в почвах, грунтах тепличных, глинах, торфе, осадках сточных вод, активном иле, донных отложениях методом капиллярного электрофореза – ПНД Ф 16.1:2:2.3:2.2.69‐10
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