Study of bottle resonators of the whispering gallery modes cross-sensitivity to rotation

Abstract

In recent years, whispering gallery mode optical resonators are attracting ever-growing interest of the scientific community. They are axially symmetric dielectric resonators (spherical, disk-like, toroidal, bottlelike etc) with smooth edges that support the existence of whispering gallery modes by total internal reflection on the surface of the resonator. The rotation of the whispering gallery modes resonators with respect to the inertial space causes changes of their radiuses. This, in turn, leads to mutual (same for the opposite directions of the resonator bypass) spectral shift of whispering gallery modes. Thus, the rotation of such resonators causes a spectral shift, registering which one can calculate the motion parameters. Earlier, the prospects of creating an angular velocity sensor based on this effect were considered. Аt the same time the spherical, disk-like and toroidal resonators were considered as sensitive elements of this sensor. This paper is devoted to the analysis of the effect of rotation on the mutual frequency shift of the whispering gallery modes of bottle-shaped resonators. An important aspect of this work is the investigation of the cross-sensitivity to rotation of bottle resonators. The study is based on the results of the simulation in OOFELIEMultiphysics software.