Study of blood pressure and its relationship with anthropometric variables among school children

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a global public health issue. Blood pressure (BP) has been shown to track (or persist) from childhood to adulthood. Obese and overweight children have a higher prevalence of elevated BP than normal weight children. Hence, the prevention of childhood obesity is one of the cardinal strategies for the prevention of hypertension and cardiovascular risks later in life. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among school children of age 10 years and above. BP and anthropometric measurements such as height and weight were measured using standard methods for 1620 children. The data were compiled and statistical analysis was done to assess the relationship between BP and anthropometric parameters. Results: A total of 990 boys and 630 girls were examined. The mean age for boys was 14 years (range 10–18 years) and mean age of girls was 13.8 years (range 10–18 years). The mean systolic BP and diastolic BP of the study participants increased uniformly with the increase in weight, height, and body mass index (BMI). A significant positive correlation was observed between anthropometric parameters and BP. Conclusion: This study reinforces the evidence of significant correlation between BP and anthropometric parameters in school children. Enhancing awareness and institution of good lifestyle habits at an early age hold the key to the prevention of lifestyles diseases in adults. Hence, school children with increased weight and BMI are to be counseled regarding their diet and they should be encouraged to undertake regular physical activity.