Abstract
A novel visualization cell was designed to study the kinetics of bitumen liberation from oil sands. This novel visualization cell allows for direct observation of bitumen recession from sand grains in real time under various experimental conditions, thereby providing a better understanding of bitumen liberation and the critical role of process conditions in bitumen extraction from oil sands ores. Although direct recession of bitumen from sand grains is found to be the primary mechanism of bitumen liberation, the presence of entrained air in oil sands ores greatly enhances bitumen liberation via bitumen spreading over air bubbles. Imaging analysis of the recorded real-time bitumen liberation process allowed for quantitative analysis of bitumen liberation kinetics. A rapid bitumen recession and, consequently, high bitumen recovery were observed for a good processing ore, in contrast to a slower bitumen liberation and lower bitumen recovery for a high-fines ore, which was considered to be a poor processing o...
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