Study of baking properties of the winter durum wheat varieties

Abstract

The current paper has presented the study results of rheological and baking properties of 4 winter durum wheat varieties in mixtures with common wheat. The purpose of the study was to research the rheological properties of the dough and estimate the baking qualities of winter durum wheat varieties of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” mixed with winter common wheat and in its pure form. The objects of the study were 4 varieties ‘Kristella’, ‘Amazonka’, ‘Eirena’, ‘Yakhont’ grown in the competitive variety testing of the laboratory for breeding and seed production of winter durum wheat in 2019–2021. In the preparation of mixtures, there has been used the winter common wheat variety ‘Univer’. There was added 10 %, 30 %, 50 %, 70 %, 90 % of each durum wheat variety to the flour of the variety ‘Univer’. The laboratory baking was carried out in accordance with the method, a non-dough method with repeated kneading. The physical and rheological properties of the mixtures were determined using a farinograph. The configuration of the farinogram was estimated according to the method proposed by Vasilchuk N. S. The varietal grinding of the samples was carried out on an MLU-202 Buller mill. Mathematical and statistical processing of the study results was performed according to B. A. Dospekhov using MS Excel 2010. There has been found out that the winter common wheat variety ‘Kristella’ is most appropriate to use in mixtures with common wheat, but not more than 50%. The rheological and baking properties of the winter durum wheat variety ‘Amazonka’ in a mixture with common wheat of the variety ‘Univer’ were most fully revealed at a ratio of 10–50%. The winter durum wheat varieties ‘Eirena’ and ‘Yakhont’ can be used to improve common wheat flour, as well as in an independent form for baking. In the process of current study, there have been established the varietal differences in rheological and baking properties. The use of farinographic analysis in winter durum wheat breeding made it possible to identify samples with the required severity of the rheological and physical properties of the dough. Selection of durum wheat can be carried out in two such directions as pasta quality and baking properties.