Abstract
Introduction: Microbiota of respiratory tract may be responsible for acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis. So the present study was carried out to find out specific bacterial etiological agents’ involvement in acute exacerbation of these diseases. Materials and Methods: Sputum samples from patients of bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis during acute exacerbation and endotracheal aspirates from control cases were processed to isolate the microbiota of respiratory tract using quantitative methods after liquefying and diluting the samples. Significant and insignificant bacterial counts from the samples were determined. Grading of pus cells and bacterial morphology was seen by Gram's staining. Results: Pus cell grading of 1+ to 3+ were seen in the both cases of bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis whereas pus cells were not found in control cases. Percentage of microorganisms by Gram's staining in asthmatics, chronic bronchitis, and controls cases were 93.33%, 86.67%, 76.67% respectively. Among the pathogenic bacteria, percentage of significant count of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia were found to be high in chronic bronchitis cases when compared these pathogens in asthmatics. In bronchial asthma cases, the percentage of significant count of Streptococcus pyogenes, Proteus mirablis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were high as compared to chronic bronchitis cases. In chronic bronchitis patients and asthmatics, significant count of non-pathogens were 16.67% and 13.33% respectively. Conclusion: The quantitative cultures showing significant numbers as 104/ml and 107 /ml of pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria respectively are found to be associated with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis. Keywords: Bronchial asthma, Chronic bronchitis, Microbiota, Quantitative culture.
Highlights
Microbiota of respiratory tract may be responsible for acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis
Leishman Staining for Pus cells and Eosinophils: Sputum smear was made from purulent part and stained with Leishman staining as described by Dacie & Lewis.[33]
The percentage of chronic bronchitis cases (93.33%) was highest in age group 21 to 60 years with male predominance (66.67%)
Summary
Microbiota of respiratory tract may be responsible for acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis. Materials and Methods: Sputum samples from patients of bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis during acute exacerbation and endotracheal aspirates from control cases were processed to isolate the microbiota of respiratory tract using quantitative methods after liquefying and diluting the samples. Percentage of microorganisms by Gram's staining in asthmatics, chronic bronchitis, and controls cases were 93.33%, 86.67%, 76.67% respectively. Percentage of significant count of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia were found to be high in chronic bronchitis cases when compared these pathogens in asthmatics. Conclusion: The quantitative cultures showing significant numbers as 104/ml and 107 /ml of pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria respectively are found to be associated with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis. The relationship between airway microbiota and chronic respiratory diseases has been investigated using sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples[15,16,17] The clinical course of COPD is complicated by frequent episodes of acute exacerbation, which primarily involves microbial and viral infections.[18,19,20] The common colonizers in COPD are nontypeable
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