Abstract
Augmented Reality (AR) has gradually become a mainstream technology enabling Industry 4.0 and its maturity has also grown over time. AR has been applied to support different processes on the shop-floor level, such as assembly, maintenance, etc. As various processes in manufacturing require high quality and near-zero error rates to ensure the demands and safety of end-users, AR can also equip operators with immersive interfaces to enhance productivity, accuracy and autonomy in the quality sector. However, there is currently no systematic review paper about AR technology enhancing the quality sector. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) to conclude about the emerging interest in using AR as an assisting technology for the quality sector in an industry 4.0 context. Five research questions (RQs), with a set of selection criteria, are predefined to support the objectives of this SLR. In addition, different research databases are used for the paper identification phase following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methodology to find the answers for the predefined RQs. It is found that, in spite of staying behind the assembly and maintenance sector in terms of AR-based solutions, there is a tendency towards interest in developing and implementing AR-assisted quality applications. There are three main categories of current AR-based solutions for quality sector, which are AR-based apps as a virtual Lean tool, AR-assisted metrology and AR-based solutions for in-line quality control. In this SLR, an AR architecture layer framework has been improved to classify articles into different layers which are finally integrated into a systematic design and development methodology for the development of long-term AR-based solutions for the quality sector in the future.
Highlights
The industry 4.0 revolution has enabled many improvements and benefits for manufacturing as well as service systems
To fill an essential gap in the Augmented Reality (AR)-based quality control sector, as well as to provide a road map for the further implementation of AR technology to support Quality 4.0 in the future, this study focuses on AR systems and their applications in manufacturing, especially shop-floor processes that require intensive involvement of operators’ activities such as assembly, maintenance and quality control
In order to guarantee the requirement of the PRISMA method in terms of transparency, there is a table providing all relevant articles of specific classification criteria at the end of each subsection
Summary
The industry 4.0 revolution has enabled many improvements and benefits for manufacturing as well as service systems (see Figure 1). The rapid and remarkable changes that appeared in manufacturing led to higher requirements in technological knowledge, increasing the degree of task complexity or variability of tasks on the shop-floor level for the operators [1,2,3] This leads to the demands of systems that intensively adopt the enabling technologies of industry 4.0 to reduce those burdens for the operators. The latest key facilitating technologies of Industry 4.0 are Advanced Simulation, Advanced robotics, Industrial “Internet of Things” (IoT), Cloud computing, Additive manufacturing, Horizontal and vertical system integration, Cybersecurity, Big Data and analytics, Digital-twin, Blockchain, Knowledge Graph and Augmented Reality (AR) [4]. For the long-term adaptation progress of Industry 4.0, seven design principles need to be considered when designing and developing
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