Study of Area Spatial Planning of Defense Efforts Protected Field Land

In 2008, a new principle of spatial planning was added to the German Federal Spatial Planning Act. It demands critical infrastructure protection (CIP) be taken into account in all spatial planning activities. Since the term 'critical infrastructure' is quite young, this problem has not yet been explicitly treated in spatial planning activities. This paper presents results from a qualitative analysis of available regional spatial structure plans and from a survey of all regional spatial planning authorities in Germany. It shows that regional spatial planning has marginally dealt with CIP related questions like infrastructure reliability and spatial exposure in the past. However, the CIP concept, in addition to regional spatial planning methods and procedures, needs comprehensive efforts to approach and synchronise both public functions.

The Lebak Regency spatial planning plan was prepared based on Lebak Regency Regional Regulation Number 2 of 2014 concerning the Lebak Regency Regional Spatial Plan for 2014-2034 with the aim of creating a highly competitive and sustainable Regency regional space based on agriculture, plantations, tourism and mining. To realize this, spatial planning is needed based on the principles of spatial planning contained in Article 2 of Law Number 26 of 2007 concerning Spatial Planning. The research method used is the normative juridical method. The normative juridical method is defined as research on statutory rules, both from the perspective of the statutory hierarchy (vertical) and the harmonious relationship of legislation (horizontal). The purpose of this writing is to find out how the application of spatial planning principles in the Lebak Regency Spatial Planning Plan for Mining Activities in the Mount Liman Area is Reviewed Based on Law Number 26 of 2007 concerning Spatial Planning. Based on the results of the discussion, it can be concluded that the regional government has attempted to control spatial planning and supervision of illegal gold mining in Lebak Regency. Regulations for mining activities in Lebak Regency Regional Regulation Number 2 of 2014 concerning Lebak Regency Spatial Planning for 2014-2034. Article 64 paragraph (5) letter c does not allow mining in protected areas. However, there is a discrepancy in the application of spatial planning principles in the 2014-2034 Lebak Regency Regional Spatial Plan, namely consisting of the principle of integration, the principle of harmony, harmony and balance, the principle of sustainability, the principle of efficiency and effectiveness as well as the principle of legal certainty and justice. This is due to the determination of the Cirinten sub-district area as a mining area.

Carry out spatial planning and achieve justice for all parties involved in the spatial planning process. The implementation of spatial planning is carried out based on spatial planning which functions as a reference for spatial utilization activities, including investment activities and issuance of business permits. The product of spatial planning is in the form of spatial plans which are divided into national spatial plans (RTRWN), national strategic area spatial plans (RTR KSN), island, regency/city regional spatial layout plans (RTRW) and detailed spatial planning plans (RDTR ). The purpose of this work is the realization of a Real-Time RDTR application that has minimal errors and the use and utilization of the Real-Time RDTR Application by spatial planning forums and stakeholders related to spatial planning, especially state apparatus in various regions. related theory, practice of using the application, question and answer and also discussion with the participants. .Training This application will help RDTRs that have regional regulations but are not yet integrated with OSS, thus helping spatial planning forums to make confirmation/approval decisions on the conformity of spatial use activities (KKPR) which are still manual, assisting the RDTR revision process and socializing this real time RDTR application so that Spatial planning forums or regional governments are not afraid to use them.

The law is an important instrument in a country. The law is a legal basis that is the basis for the implementation of all policies made by the government. In drafting a regulation, it must be sourced from the rules above so that it cannot be contradictory to the rules above.                This study uses a qualitative method of judicial juridical, juridical imply legal research examines the implementation of positive legal provisions in each particular law. That is reviewing the Spatial Planning Law associated with Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2012 concerning the Karimun Regency Spatial Plan which was issued before the Establishment of Regional Regulation No. 1 of 2017 concerning the Riau Islands Province Spatial Plan.                The results of the study show that in the preparation of spatial plans. according to Article 25 paragraph (1) of the UUPR, the drafting of the Regional Regulations for District Spatial Planning must refer to the provincial spatial plan and the national spatial plan. the issuance of Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2012 concerning Karimun Regency Spatial Planning which was published before the Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2017 concerning the Regional Spatial Plan of Riau Islands Province. Incompatibility was found on maps of space patterns and forest designation between Karimun Regency and Riau Islands Province, resulting in lack of legal certainty. The law is an important instrument in a country. The law is a legal basis that is the basis for the implementation of all policies made by the government. In drafting a regulation, it must be sourced from the rules above so that it cannot be contradictory to the rules above.                This study uses a qualitative method of judicial juridical, juridical imply legal research examines the implementation of positive legal provisions in each particular law. That is reviewing the Spatial Planning Law associated with Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2012 concerning the Karimun Regency Spatial Plan which was issued before the Establishment of Regional Regulation No. 1 of 2017 concerning the Riau Islands Province Spatial Plan.                The results of the study show that in the preparation of spatial plans. according to Article 25 paragraph (1) of the UUPR, the drafting of the Regional Regulations for District Spatial Planning must refer to the provincial spatial plan and the national spatial plan. the issuance of Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2012 concerning Karimun Regency Spatial Planning which was published before the Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2017 concerning the Regional Spatial Plan of Riau Islands Province. Incompatibility was found on maps of space patterns and forest designation between Karimun Regency and Riau Islands Province, resulting in lack of legal certainty.

Gilang Gunawan Putra. NPM 20421018. IMPLEMENTATION OF REGIONAL REGULATIONS OF PONOROGO REGENCY NUMBER 1 YEAR 2012 CONCERNING REGIONAL SPATIAL PLAN (RTRW) IN THE UTILIZATION OF GREEN OPEN SPACE (RTH). Public Administration, SlametRiyadi University Surakarta. Theses.Unpublished.
 
 This study aims to describe the implementation of regional spatial planning policies in the use of green open spaces in Ponorogo Regency, and describe what factors influence the implementation of regional spatial planning policies in the use of green open spaces in Ponorogo Regency. 
 
 The type and analysis of data used a descriptive qualitative approach. Sources of data consist of primary data in the form of direct interviews and secondary data is data collected from observations and institutional literature related to research. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation.Data analysis techniques with data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Test the validity of the data using data source triangulation techniques and member check. 
 
 This study uses the Edward III Implementation theory, the results of the study show that the implementation of Spatial Planning Policy in the utilization of Green Open Space in Ponorogo Regency is generally carried out well, things that have been implemented are realization, socialization, and reports from SKPD related to the implementation of the Ponorogo Regency Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2012 concerning Regional Spatial Planning in Utilization of Green Open Space. Implementation of the Spatial Planning Policy in the use of Green Open Space in Ponorogo Regency from the communication aspect, in principle the Regency Government has socialized the city's spatial plan. Aspects of resources are sufficient, but still lacking in quantity and quality. Aspect of disposition, policy implementers have quite good characteristics. 
 
 Keywords: Implementation, Regulations, Green Open Space

Based on Malang City Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2011 concerning Regional Spatial Planning in Malang City, regulations have been regulated regarding the existence, management, and availability of green open space in Malang City as an ecological balance in the Malang City area. However, this policy has only partially influenced green open space development, especially city parks. So currently, the Malang City government is managing and revitalizing several green open spaces (RTH) areas and city parks; even though they need to be improved, such funding problems hamper them. This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The research location was carried out at the Malang City Environmental Service. The data sources are primary data and secondary data. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. For data analysis techniques in this research, we use techniques from Miles and Huberman, namely data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and data verification. The research results explain that budget problems have resulted in managing green open spaces limited to maintenance activities. This can be seen from indicators in policy implementation, which include the communication factor, namely the clarity of policy orders from the city government to the implementing organization, even though there has been no form of socialization to the public. The next factor is resources in the form of limited regional income and expenditure budgets, limiting the management of green open spaces. The third factor is good cooperation and coordination between related areas and regional apparatus organizations from within and outside the organization, such as the private sector or corporate social responsibility (CSR).Fourth, the bureaucratic structure, namely the organizational structure, the appropriate division of tasks and functions, and standard operational procedures have been implemented in green open space for the environmental service.

Regional Spatial Planning (RTRW) serves as a guideline for policy development, including long-term regional development plans, medium-term regional development plans, industrial development plans, and investment implementation in the region Law Number 15 of 2019. The establishment of the RTRW in the form of regional regulations (PERDA) provides a strong legal basis for regional governments to direct development, maintain environmental sustainability, prevent conflicts due to overlapping land use, and support sustainable economic growth without neglecting ecological aspects, as well as creating a balance between development and environmental preservation. In an effort to achieve the goals of the state, national development is carried out by all components of the nation and in its implementation there have been two changes to the spatial planning policy of Jambi province since the enactment of Jambi provincial regulation number 9 of 1993The Jambi Province spatial planning plan is no longer in line with regional, economic, political, and environmental developments, resulting in a decline in the quality of space in the Jambi Province region. The research method used is normative juridical, namely a study that focuses on legal norms, legal principles, and legal systems related to the issues discussed. The research findings show that changes in the spatial planning of mining areas in Jambi Province are the result of a complex interaction between internal and external factors, including economic, policy, environmental, social, and the dynamics of national spatial planning law. Internal factors such as the potential for large coal resources, limited logistics infrastructure, and the need for mining infrastructure development have driven changes in the spatial structure and spatial patterns of the region. Furthermore, enforcing compliance with spatial planning is key to directing mining activities to comply with sustainability principles and applicable laws.

Subject of study. Due to the complexity of planning processes and the interest of various parties and entities involved in spatial development and planning procedures, there is an obvious need to create a platform for managing information on spatial development planning. The aim of the study. The purpose of this article is to analyse the driving factors behind the creation of a platform (spatial planning geoportal), which should become a solution for managing, analysing and presenting spatial data related to spatial planning. This article integrates factors from urban regulatory detailed planning, land use planning, the entire life cycle of land management and construction project approval, unifies spatial data, and builds a spatial planning driver system (SPDS) by fusing data. Research methods. To realize the platform concept, we used one of the models used in system and software engineering, known as phased implementation. The concept includes a formal description of the platform’s functionality using a unified modelling language (UML), as well as the point of view of users and stakeholders. Results of work. The functionality of the platform related to spatial planning at the local level and local spatial development is shown. The spatial planning geoportal offered in this article is in line with the spatial planning reform and is intended to help in the implementation of spatial policy at both local and national levels. Based on the results of geographically weighted regression (GWR) analysis for sites with under- or overdeveloped urban planning status, the spatial relationship between them and sites with low levels of development is analysed after taking into account the driving factors to identify the impact of the driving factors on urban spatial planning and development. All of this provides new ideas and new methods to help the government plan, control and manage urban development, and can contribute to improving the efficiency and quality of the spatial planning system in Ukraine, as well as in other areas such as local government management and regional planning.

Spatial planning in Indonesia, both national and regional spatial planning, has become a crucial problem that has developed dynamically in recent years. The urgency of spatial management in human life encourages the existence of statutory regulations to address spatial planning. Spatial planning is an important component in determining the success of a region's development, especially in the context of sustainable development. Rapid regional growth, both in urban and rural areas, has had a positive economic impact, but has also given rise to environmental problems, manifested in increasingly critical environmental conditions and the increasing intensity of natural disasters, partly caused by spatial planning violations. One of the significant impacts of spatial planning violations is flooding in Indonesia, which is often caused by land misuse. Therefore, enforcement of spatial planning laws and regulations closely related to flood management is critical. This study uses a qualitative research approach focusing on literature analysis, government policies, and empirical data related to flood management in Indonesia. Empirical data was obtained through interviews with legal experts, spatial planning experts, and related stakeholders. Deductive methods are used in data analysis to identify patterns and relationships between law enforcement, spatial planning regulations, and flood management. The results of this study show that strict law enforcement, clear spatial regulations, and increasing institutional capacity are the keys to reducing flood risk. With synergy between law enforcement and capacity building, potential flood risks can be minimized while building better community involvement and awareness.

The paper analyses the planning framework for sustainable territorial and regional development. The spatial and environmental planning should play the key role in coordination and integration of different planning grounds in achieving the sustainable regional development. The paper discusses the spatial planning capacity to offer the integral view of the sustainable territorial development. The brief review of tendencies in new spatial planning and regional policy has been given. The focus is on the concept of balanced polycentric development of European Union. The guiding principles of spatial planning in regard of planning system reform in European countries have been pointed out. The changes in paradigm of regional policy, and the tasks of European regional spatial planning have been discussed. In Serbia problems occur in regard with the lack of coordinating sectoral planning with spatial and environmental planning. Partly the problem lies in the legal grounds, namely in non codification of laws and unregulated horizontal and vertical coordination at all levels of governance. The possibilities for the implementation of spatial planning principles and concepts of European Union sustainable territorial and regional development have been analyzed on the case of three regional spatial plans of eastern and southeastern regions in Serbia. The disadvantages in implementing the strategic environmental impact assessment as an instrument for coordination and integration of sectorial planning with spatial and environmental planning have been analyzed. The strategic environmental impact assessment has been implemented only in the spatial planning process. Through spatial planning process its feedback effect on sectorial planning has been indirectly achieved. The priority actions in Serbia for achieving the spatial and environmental planning role in coordination and integration of different planning grounds in sustainable regional development have been given.

North Lampung Regency currently has a North Lampung Regency RTRW for 2014-2034, apart from that, North Lampung Regency has also prepared a medium-term development plan in the form of an RPJMD document and an annual short-term one in the form of an RKPD document. The mandate of Law Number 26 of 2007 concerning Spatial Planning as amended by Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning the Determination of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation into Law states that spatial planning plans must be able to act as direction. regional development. Synchronization of spatial plans with regional development plans ensures the implementation of regional development well. However, synchronizing space utilization programs in regional spatial plans with development plans has problems in North Lampung Regency. Therefore, the aim of this research is to evaluate the synchronization of the North Lampung Regency RTRW medium-term space utilization program with the North Lampung Regency RPJMD in 2020-2024 and evaluate the synchronization of the North Lampung Regency RTRW short-term space utilization program with the North Lampung Regency RKPD in 2020-2024. The research method uses quantitative descriptive analysis with secondary data from planning documents in the North Lampung Regency Government. The research results show that the synchronization of the medium-term space utilization program (RTRW-RPJMD) is still not optimal, with low levels of synchronization dominating. This is caused by a lack of socialization and involvement of implementing agencies in the preparation of spatial planning and development documents. Furthermore, at the short-term level (RTRW-RKPD), the level of synchronization is also relatively low. Several factors that are obstacles include inadequate planning, budget limitations, lack of community proposals, land availability, and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic.

In certain cases, the conversion of paddy fields is unavoidable. Nevertheless, the change in land use must consider various aspects of the feasibility of development, both legal aspects, physical aspects of the area, the environment and others.The objectives are to, analyze the implementation of the policy on the transfer of agricultural land into residential areas, and analyze the factors that support and hinder the implementation of the policy. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative, using primary and secondary data. Data collection methods are interviews, in-depth (Indep interview) and direct discussion or Focus Group Discussion (FGD), observation and literature review.
 The results of the study indicate that the activity of land conversion into a residential area in West Lombok Regency has been guided by the Regional Regulation and Regional Spatial Planning (RSP) No. 11 / 2011. The use of agricultural land for residential areas has been regulated in the determination of the spatial pattern of residential areas in urban areas. and rural areas, the inhibiting factor in implementing the land use change policy is the absence of a detailed regional spatial planning plan and the limited number of field officers. The supporting factors are the Regional Spatial Planning Coordination Team, which is coordinated by the Regional Secretary. The recommendation given is to immediately issue a Detailed Spatial Plan so that there is an even distribution of housing areas. It is necessary to make a regional regulation that specifically examines and regulates the conversion of land functions.

The importance of effective spatial planning in order to improve the quality of services to the public is something that the government needs to think about. This study aims to determine the effect of spatial policy implementation on the quality of building permit services. This research method is survey research, which takes a sample from one population to represent the entire population. This research uses explanatory research design. The total size of the research sample was 110 people using a questionnaire method or technique, with the instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The results showed that there was a correlation between the implementation of spatial policy and the quality of building permit services. Implementation of spatial policy affects the quality of building permit services significantly and positively. In increasing the effectiveness of policy implementation, the dimensions of communication, resources, the attitude of implementers, bureaucratic structure, policies are concepts that serve as benchmarks for developing effective implementation of policies. Improving the quality of building permit services is built by the level of responsibility, professionalism, responsiveness and government empathy for the desires and expectations of the people who need services related to the utilization of regional / city space. In the case of regional or city spatial planning, in general the spatial planning policy has been determined as a reference.

Increasing access to education cannot be separated from the spatial use and utilization plan of the border area itself. Oftentimes, the Regional Spatial Planning (RTRW) which is intended for the opening and construction of schools at the village and sub-district levels becomes an obstacle to the program because it must be reviewed and changed, or simply violated. In fact, almost all of the licensing processes for the establishment of primary and secondary schools for private primary and secondary schools established by non-state entities are very difficult to obtain due to the unclear use and utilization of regional space. The number of permits issued has begun to be targeted by the DPRD for the fulfillment of PAD, so that issues that do not match the existing spatial plan are not taken seriously. In the end, sustainability as a principle and good governance as a practice which are two twin aspects of good spatial planning only exist in the concept because they only serve as tools to legitimize public sector malpractice in the use of space and exploitation of resources, especially in border areas. Permits to use space for the establishment of primary and secondary schools by the private sector should be adjusted to the state's alignment with increasing access to education.

The research paper investigates the diverse understandings of “landscape”, along with demonstrating the modes of contribution of the European Landscape Convention (ELC) of the Council of Europe (CE) in influencing national spatial planning systems. The paper, interested in considering the efficiency of landscape policy from a territorial perspective, briefly outlines the perception and understanding of landscape as connecting link of nature and culture and conducts a literature review with the aim to support the prospect of a «European model of landscape planning». Lastly, it critically examines the approach to landscape planning and management by the Greek state, revealing the catalytic role of the Council of Europe (CE) in activating the dimension of landscape in Greece, in a mutualistic perspective between environmental policy and spatial planning, mainly through strategic spatial planning tools (i.e., the Regional Spatial Plans, RSPs). The results point out that (a) the ELC gave new impetus to spatial planning in Greece, providing the tool to manage and coordinate landscape policy, positively influencing the evolving spatial planning paradigm; (b) the decentralized approach adopted, identified landscapes of particular value at a regional level, so as to be given priority in terms of the implementation of coordinated governance arrangements and management actions. However, the implementation of landscape policy continues to rely on the underlying spatial planning level (Local Spatial Plans, Special Spatial Plans) and a general conclusion is that both on land and on sea, it depends on the incorporation of evolutionary trends in planning including an evolutionary perspective for landscape itself, viewed as a complex social-ecological system.