Abstract
The ability of ferrous chelates including hairtail protein hydrolysates to prevent and reduce fatigue was studied in rats. After hydrolysis of hairtail surimi with papain, the hairtail protein hydrolysates (HPH) were separated into three groups by range of relative molecular weight using ultrafiltration membrane separation. Hairtail proteins were then chelated with ferrous ions, and the antioxidant activity, the amino acid composition and chelation rate of the three kinds of ferrous chelates including hairtail protein hydrolysates (Fe-HPH) were determined. Among the three groups, the Fe-HPH chelate showing the best conditions was selected for the anti-fatigue animal experiment. For it, experimental rats were randomly divided into seven groups. Group A was designated as the negative control group given distilled water. Group B, the positive control group, was given glutathione. Groups C, D and E were designated as the Fe-HPH chelate treatment groups and given low, medium, and high doses, respectively. Group F was designated as HPH hydrolysate treatment group, and Group G was designated as FeCl2 treatment group. The different diets were orally administered to rats for 20 days. After that time, rats were subjected to forced swimming training after 1 h of gavage. Rats given Fe-FPH chelate had higher haemoglobin regeneration efficiency (HRE), longer exhaustive swimming time and higher SOD activity. Additionally, Fe-FPH chelate was found to significantly decrease the malondialdehyde content, visibly enhance the GSH-Px activity in liver and reduce blood lactic acid of rats. Fe-HPH chelate revealed an anti-fatigue effect, similar to or better than the positive control substance and superior to HPH or Fe when provided alone.
Highlights
Fatigue is a complex physiological and biochemical process in the human body
The proportion of anti-fatigue amino acids was highest in the Fe-hairtail protein hydrolysates (HPH) I chelate, but its proportion of antioxidant amino acids was lowest when compared with its counterpart hydrolysates
While the amino acid concentrations related to anti-fatigue and anti-oxidation in ferrous chelates including hairtail protein hydrolysates (Fe-HPH) II chelate were both moderate, those of glutamic acid and aspartic acid were both high, suggesting that Fe-hairtail protein hydrolysate II (HPH II) chelate might have a best potential anti-fatigue effect
Summary
Fatigue is a complex physiological and biochemical process in the human body. It is a very common social problem at present since the fierce competition in modern society places people under enormous pressure. Hairtail (Trichiurus lepturus), an aquatic product, is rich in protein content and is considered as highly nutritious. It is mainly distributed in the Chinese Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and Bohai Sea, showing a high annual output. It is considered one of the Four Chinese Seafoods, alongside with the large yellow croakers (Larimichthy scrocea), small yellow croakers (Larimichthys polyactis) and cuttlefish (Sepiidae); its cost is far lower than that of such other products, so that it can be considered more accessible to most consumers
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