Study of anisotropy effects on QCD ghost dark energy using the cosmological data

Abstract

We investigate the effects of anisotropy on ghost dark energy model from the latest observational data. We have fitted our model with the present observational data including Supernovae type Ia (SNIa) and the Hubble expansion history H(z) datasets, and compare the results with the $\Lambda $CDM model. We test the possible dipole anisotropy of the ghost dark energy model, by using the Pantheon and the Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS) sample. We also examine the behavior of different cosmological parameters such as Hubble parameter, equation of state (EoS) parameter and deceleration parameter of ghost dark energy model in an anisotropic universe. With the help of best fit results, we find that the EoS parameter represents quintessence era while a transition in the expansion history of universe from a deceleration phase to an accelerated one around $z\approx 1.42$ with the $1\sigma '$ confidence level. Finally we found that the presence of anisotropy improved the fit to observations with respect to that provided by an isotropic dark energy model.