Study of altered blood glucose levels in term neonate with sepsis

Abstract

Neonatal hypoglycemia is common metabolic disorder. Hyperglycemia can also occur in other conditions like exogenous parenteral glucose administration, preterm, ELBW babies, stressed premature infants (requiring mechanical ventilation), hypoxia or neonatal diabetes mellitus. The major clinical problems associated with hyperglycemia are hyper osmolality and osmotic dieresis leading to alteration in cerebral auto regulation. Aim & objective: To study the effect of hyperglycemia in term neonate with sepsis and compare it with hypoglycemia. It is a hospital based prospective observational study .The study was carried out in the special care neonatal unit and pediatric indoor of Department of Pediatrics, SCB Medical College, Cuttack and SVP Postgraduate Institute of Pediatrics, Cuttack during the period from September 2018 to August 2020. The number of cases of neonatal sepsis with normoglycemia hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia were, 90(44%), 67(32%), 52(24%) cases respectively. The total number of cases with proven sepsis (n=47) hyperglycemia accounts for 40.4%of cases followed by hypoglycemia 18 cases (38.3%) and normoglycemia seen in 10 cases (21.2%). Both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia were associated with increased mortality rates at all thresholds but hyperglycemia was independently associated with increased odds of death in patients with neonatal sepsis compared to hypoglycemia.