Study of air deionization factors

Abstract

The object of research is the dynamics in the concentration of air ions and suspended particles in atmospheric air and in supply-exhaust ventilation systems. An urgent task is to determine the factors and obtain quantitative data on the deionization of the atmospheric air that enters the environment where people live. Quantitative data on changes in the concentration of air ions depending on the time of day, temperature, and relative air humidity have been established. It was shown that even in the absence of significant man-made influence on the concentration of suspended particles, this indicator is at least 7000 cm-3. In the presence of wind, this indicator reaches 30000 cm-3 and higher. Measurement of the spectrum of suspended particles in the range of 0,3–6,0 μm showed that the predominant fraction is particles with sizes of about 3 μm. Studies have been conducted on changes in the concentrations of air ions in supply-exhaust ventilation systems. It was established that in the air duct made of galvanized iron, which has a length of 16 m, the concentration of negative air ions is reduced by 67 %, and positive by 78 %. Laboratory studies of air deionization in air ducts made of different materials were carried out. There is significant air deionization in metal and cardboard ducts while it is absent in wooden ducts. This indicates the electrical nature of deionization. A calculation method for forecasting the aero-ionic mode of premises, taking into account the factors of air deionization, is proposed. For rooms with supply-exhaust ventilation, a calculation apparatus is proposed taking into account the air exchange rate (the number of complete air changes per unit of time). The results make it possible to choose the required performance of artificial air ionization devices for normalizing the aero-ionic regimes in the premises