Study of agrobiological indicators and technological properties of technical grape varieties selected by the Anapa experimental station

Abstract

Relevance. In modern Russia, there is a need to produce high-quality domestic wines from zoned varieties with high adaptability and biological value. For their production, it is necessary to carefully select the grape assortment, including varieties of modern domestic selection. Many new technical varieties are poorly studied and require a detailed biochemical assessment. The study of these problematic issues, including domestic varietal winemaking, is relevant and of great interest for the Black Sea zone and Russia as a whole.Methods. The objects of research were the best technical grape varieties selected by the Anapa experimental Station. Selection programs and methods, including those developed with the participation of the center’s staff, were used in the work. The mass concentrations of sugars in the wort were determined according to GOST 27198-87, titrated acidity according to GOST 32114-2013. The mass concentration of phenolic substances in the wort was determined using methods developed by the Magarach Research Institute. For statistical processing of the experimental data obtained, variance analysis was used in the Microsoft Office Excel 2003 program. The formation of grape plants of the studied varieties is the «Spiral cordon AZOS-1», the feeding area is 7 m2, the distance in the row between the plants is 2 m, and in the aisles — 3.5 m. The method of cultivation is according to GOST 31783-2012.Results. The studied varieties, such as: Worthy, Cabernet AZOS, Krasnostop AZOS, Ruby AZOS and others have high rates of fruiting and fruitfulness. Practically all of them annually have a high percentage of budding eyes (89.2–100%) and the number of inflorescences — on average 61.7–66.1 pcs. And also, high sugar accumulation compared to the control Cabernet Sauvignon, which is statistically provable and their excess was 0.1–4.2 g / 100 cm3. According to the number of phenolic compounds contained in the wort, the varieties Krasnostop AZOS, Ruby AZOS and Saturn are in the lead.