Abstract
AbstractThe glass transition temperatures of impact modified PVC with different amounts of lubricants have been used to define two new parameters of lubrication: the saturation concentration and the efficiency constant. The use of lubricants at significantly lower concentration than the saturation concentration ensures their permanence in the polymer. They then act as internal lubricants reducing the viscosity of the melt. The use of lubricants at much higher concentrations ensures their release at the surface of the polymer, giving them an external character. The efficiency constant characterizes the capability of the lubricant to modify the properties of the polymer and increase flow. Polyacrylate impact modifiers form distinct polymer phases and consequently the effect of lubricants on impact modifier may be characterized in the same way by the two constants. The choice of impact modifier and lubricant for a given application can be rationally made by using the two characteristic parameters. The described procedure can be applied to any polymer and all the additives that can migrate in the polymeric phase as long as their glass transition temperatures can be measured.
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