Abstract
For the astronomical adaptive optics systems, the observation condition is constantly changing or in a regime of low photon flux. Besides, for various brightness seeing conditions, the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor has a matching spatial sampling that avoids extra wavefront reconstruction error. To integrate advantageous spatial samplings, we propose a novel Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor with adjustable spatial sampling (ASS-WFS) based on spherical reference wave. In principle, only a simple movement of the microlens array (MLA) and the CCD detector in the direction of the optical axis is required to achieve variable spatial sampling. This is also obviously advantageous in the adaptive optics performance as it allows the wavefront sensor to dynamically match brightness of the observation. To demonstrate the performance of the ASS-WFS, we present the sensor in terms of the principles, the simulation, and the experiment. Results show that the ASS-WFS is able to precisely measure and reconstruct the wavefront, and also demonstrate that advantages resulting from adjusting the spatial samplings can efficiently reduce the disadvantages of low signal-to-noise ratio to boost wavefront reconstruction accuracy.
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