Abstract
This paper performed a numerical study into the dynamic stress improvement of an axial-flow pump and validated the simulation results with a prototype test. To further analyze the dynamic stress characteristics of impeller blades of axial-flow pumps, a bidirectional fluid–structure interaction (FSI) was applied to numerical simulations of the unsteady three-dimensional (3-D) flow field of the whole flow system of an axial-flow pump, and the gravity effect was also taken into account. In addition, real-structure-based single-blade finite element model was established. By using the finite element method, a calculation of the blade’s dynamic characteristics was conducted, and its dynamic stress distribution was determined based on the fourth strength theory. The numerical results were consistent with the prototype tests. In a rotation cycle, the dynamic stress of the blade showed a tendency of first increasing, and then decreasing, where the maximum value appeared in the third quadrant and the minimum appeared in the first quadrant in view of the gravity effect. A method for reducing the stress concentration near the root of impeller blades was presented, which would effectively alleviate the possibility of cracking in the unreliable region of blades. Simultaneously, an experimental method for the underwater measurement of the dynamic stress of prototypical hydraulic machinery was put forward, which could realize the underwater sealing of data acquisition instruments on rotating machinery and the offline collection of measured data, finally effectively measuring the stress of underwater moving objects.
Highlights
IntroductionPump station engineering guarantees the optimal allocation and scheduling of water resources
Pump station engineering guarantees the optimal allocation and scheduling of water resources.As an important underwater rotating component of a pump unit, the impeller is the most vulnerable structure among all structural components during actual operation
The position of anposition impeller blade is defined by the defined by the anti-clockwise rotation angle φ between the positive ψ axis of the rotating coordinate defined by the anti-clockwise angle between ψ axis of the rotating anti-clockwise rotation angle rotation φ between theφpositive ψ the axispositive of the rotating coordinate andcoordinate positive y and positivey yaxis axisofofthe thestatic staticcoordinate
Summary
Pump station engineering guarantees the optimal allocation and scheduling of water resources. As an important underwater rotating component of a pump unit, the impeller is the most vulnerable structure among all structural components during actual operation. Cracks and even ruptures of the blades are not rare in numerous pump and hydropower stations around the world and severely threaten the safe and stable operation of pump units. The study of the structural characteristics of pump units is urgently required. With the development of fluid–structure interaction (FSI) computational techniques, plenty of studies have emerged with regard to the finite element analysis of structural characteristics of hydraulic machinery. Schneider et al [1] studied the stress and deformation characteristics of a multiple-stage centrifugal pump with the effect of structural parameters and temperature through one-way coupled
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