Abstract
Objectives: The present study aimed at the investigation of antioxidant activity, hepatoprotective activity in addition to the effect on hypothalamic-gonadal axis in adult male rat of total methanolic extract and different fractions of Chrozophora oblongifolia aerial parts. Methods: Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH spectrophotometric method, Hepatoprotective activity was evaluated using CCl4 induced liver damage method by measuring serum marker enzymes, SGOT, SGPT and total bilirubin. The effect on hypothalamic-gonadal axis in adult male rats was estimated by measuring serum level of testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and leutinizing hormone by immune enzymatic assay kit using ELISA reader. Results: The methanol fraction showed highest antioxidant activity followed by total extract and ethyl acetate fraction concentrate, while the methylene chloride and n-hexane fractions showed lowest antioxidant activity. The total methanolic extract in addition to ethyl acetate and methanol fractions exhibited significant decrease in SGOT and SGPT enzymes and total bilirubin, indicating their effectiveness in protecting the liver normal functional status. The total methanolic extract of aerial and fruit parts, each showed marked increase in serum level of total testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and leutinizing hormone, when administered orally for 28 successive days compared to control group. Conclusion: Total methanol extract of the aerial parts of Chrozophora oblongifolia has significant antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities. Also extract of aerial parts including fruits has increased rat serum level of gonads, suggesting Chrozophora oblongifolia, as a valuable biological source of drugs enhances fertility.
Highlights
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are constantly produced during normal cellular metabolism or by other exogenous means including the metabolism of environmental toxins or carcinogens, by ionizing radiation and by phagocytic cells involved in the inflammatory response
Antioxidant activity The obtained results (Table 1) indicated that, the methanol fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity followed by total extract and ethyl acetate fraction
The highest antioxidant activity of methanol, total extract and ethyl acetate fractions could be attributed to presence of polyphenolic compounds in these fractions
Summary
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are constantly produced during normal cellular metabolism or by other exogenous means including the metabolism of environmental toxins or carcinogens, by ionizing radiation and by phagocytic cells involved in the inflammatory response. ROS, H2O2, are potent regulators of cell replication and play an important role in signal transduction, oxidative damage is considered the main factor contributing to carcinogenesis and evolution of cancer[1]. Due to their ability to scavenge and reduce the production of free radicals and act as transition metal chelators; natural phenolic compounds can exert a major chemopreventive activity[2]. Since the fruit part of Chrozophora oblongifolia are used by natives living in Saint-Catherin (Sainai, Egypt, were the plant was collected), to increase sexual activity in goat and sheep males, it was encouraging to undertake this present study, as previous phytochemical and biological study of Chrozophora oblongifolia aerial parts, has led to the isolation of five compounds viz; are lupeol, 1-octacosanol, 4hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl gallate and amentoflavone, it showed significant antiviral and wound healing activities[5]
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