Abstract
Studying the co-benefits of greenhouse gases and air pollutants is highly relevant as China tries to cope with the dual challenges of climate change and pollution control. Over the past ten years, plenty of studies at home and abroad have paid attention to these co-benefits, including policy analysis, model application, case discussion, etc., and various co-benefit theories have been introduced to lay a solid scientific foundation for the development of energy and environmental development policies. In this paper, different definitions and types of co-benefits are provided, and co-benefit evaluation methodology is explained. International and domestic progress in studies on the co-benefits of reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution control are elaborated, and prospects and suggestions on future studies are analyzed.
Highlights
Co-benefit, known as ancillary benefit and secondary benefit, was first proposed by German scientist Herman Haken
The selected evaluation endpoints cannot fully and accurately reflect the health impact of pollutants, and the sample surveys to support environmental valuation is underrepresented [16]. Another way to economically quantify the reduction of air pollutants is to calculate the control cost avoided by the reduction, and this is a common approach in EU studies [17,18,19,20]
3.1 Greenhouse gas – Air pollution interaction and synergies (GAINS) GAINS has been used all over the world as a co-benefit quantitative model developed by the Institute for Applied System Analysis (IIASA)
Summary
Co-benefit, known as ancillary benefit and secondary benefit, was first proposed by German scientist Herman Haken. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has a clear definition of cobenefits of GHG reduction [2]: co-benefits are quantitative results of the monetization of added benefits after the implementation of a GHG reduction policy, such as reduced emissions of local air pollutants due to less use of fossil fuels and indirect positive impacts on energy security and employment. Mitigation actions targeting clean energy technologies or energy efficiency, for example, are likely to include improvements in local or in indoor air quality which in turn limit risks to human health These collateral benefits are referred to here as “co-benefits” of climate change mitigation policies [4]. Cobenefits include reduction or absorption of CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions in addition to the control of local pollutant emissions and during ecological construction
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