Study and analysis of vaccination and immunization in Brazil today

Giuliana Zardeto-Sabec,Dayane Adenir Shizuko Takata Ribeiro,Odair Alberton,Juliana Cogo,Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço,Mariana Dalmagro,Renan Almeida De Jesus,Daniela De Cassia Faglioni Boleta Ceranto,Paulo Fernandes Marcusso,Caroline Tait,Caroline Rossati Toledo,Débora Gafuri Teixeira,Guilherme Donadel

doi:10.33448/rsd-v9i12.10889

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization, researchers estimate that the spread of vaccines has allowed worldwide life expectancy to increase by 30 years in the past two centuries. Despite these advances, there are major challenges to be overcome to expand immunization coverage. Currently, the Unified Health System (SUS) offers a total of 19 vaccines that protect against more than 40 diseases free of charge. Therefore, the objective of the study was to study and analyze the current state of Brazilian vaccination in relation to infectious diseases eradicated in the country. For the development of the work, data from the Ministry of Health, published scientific articles in the Google academic, SCIELO and PubMed databases, epidemiological bulletins, as well as relevant studies and reports published on websites and internet portals through the descriptors, vaccination in Brazil, vaccination delay in Brazil, vaccines available in the single system were used (SUS). Through this work, it is concluded that the lack of information in a set of other factors generates the non-vaccination of the population, resulting in the return of previously eradicated diseases.

Highlights

The picture of Brazilian vaccination has changed in recent years in a drastic and extreme way
With the growth of the Brazilian population, there was an increase in the number of doses of vaccines applied and, the incidence of adverse events after vaccination (AEFI) (Bisetto, Cubas, & Malucelli, 2011)
An epidemiological bulletin published by the Health Surveillance Secretariat, linked to the Ministry of Health (MS), published in November 2018, recorded the incidence of 15,371 suspected cases of AEFI in Brazil in 2016, of which 19% were classified as error of immunization

Summary

Introduction

The picture of Brazilian vaccination has changed in recent years in a drastic and extreme way. Brazilian morbidity and mortality showed a difference in relation to infectious and parasitic diseases, due to the distinctions of control measures, one of which being immunization through vaccines (Moraes, & Ribeiro, 2008). The vaccine, like any medicine or drug, needs more attention, since, despite being considered safe and providing numerous benefits in the control of infectious diseases (Alexandre et al, 2020), they can cause harmful events, whether large or small, regular or unusual, which, if not identified and followed up, have the power to impair the volume and adherence to the immunization program through vaccines (Kimmel, 2002; Chen, & Orenstein, 1996). With the growth of the Brazilian population, there was an increase in the number of doses of vaccines applied and, the incidence of adverse events after vaccination (AEFI) (Bisetto, Cubas, & Malucelli, 2011).

Objectives

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Conclusion