Abstract
Oblique imagery obtained from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) has been widely applied to large-scale three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction; however, the problems of partially missing model details caused by such factors as occlusion, distortion, and airflow, are still not well resolved. In this paper, a loop-shooting-aided technology is used to solve the problem of details loss in the 3D model. The use of loop-shooting technology can effectively compensate for losses caused by occlusion, distortion, or airflow during UAV flight and enhance the 3D model details in large scene- modeling applications. Applying this technology involves two key steps. First, based on the 3D modeling construction process, the missing details of the modeling scene are found. Second, using loop-shooting image sets as the data source, incremental iterative fitting based on aerotriangulation theory is used to compensate for the missing details in the 3D model. The experimental data used in this paper were collected from Yunnan Normal University, Chenggong District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China. The experiments demonstrate that loop-shooting significantly improves the aerotriangulation accuracy and effectively compensates for defects during 3D large-scale model reconstruction. In standard-scale distance tests, the average relative accuracy of our modeling algorithm reached 99.87% and achieved good results. Therefore, this technique not only optimizes the model accuracy and ensures model integrity, but also simplifies the process of refining the 3D model. This study can be useful as a reference and as scientific guidance in large-scale stereo measurements, cultural heritage protection, and smart city construction.
Highlights
Three-dimensional (3D) modeling of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) oblique imagery is an effective approach for displaying geographic information of spatial scenes; its advantages include flexibility, high modeling efficiency and a short production cycle [1,2,3]
From an overall point of view, 3D model scene reconstruction based on oblique images has good integrity; from a local point of view, the modeling result lacks sufficient local details: outliers, distortions and deformities in the source data restrict the accuracy of UAV oblique imagery-based modeling techniques
The loop-shooting-aided approach can resolve problems stemming from missing detailed information in parts of the model scenes caused by factors such as ground object occlusion, distortion and meteorology and can ensure the integrity of the 3D model
Summary
Three-dimensional (3D) modeling of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) oblique imagery is an effective approach for displaying geographic information of spatial scenes; its advantages include flexibility, high modeling efficiency and a short production cycle [1,2,3]. The various available methods can increase the modeling accuracy to some extent and reduce the modeling deficiencies, problems still exist when reconstructing 3D models of geographic scenes, in particular, how to simplify the optimization algorithm that addresses deformity distortion and collapse, and how to ensure that the final model is sufficiently refined. To solve these problems, in this study, a loop-shooting-aided technology is adopted to compensate for the information deficiencies in the collected model scenes. Using this technology guarantees the integrity of the final 3D modeling product
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