Abstract
Antiserum-induced transformation in Paramecium aurelia can be inhibited or stimulated by the addition of actinomycin D, puromycin, or chloramphenicol. In general, simultaneous treatment with high concentrations of both the antibiotics and the inducer (antiserum) inhibits transformation. As the concentration of antiserum is reduced while that of the antibiotic remains high or as the concentrations of both antiserum and antiobotics are reduced, points are reached where further reduction stimulates the transformation. The same low concentration of an antibiotic may inhibit the transformation if added after the antiserum yet stimulate it if added before the antiserum. Low concentrations of the antibiotic can inhibit the transformation at one temperature (31 °C) and stimulate it at another (19 °C). All these seemingly paradoxical findings can be reconciled on the assumption that the antibiotics inhibit the synthesis of the existing antigen when they stimulate transformation, inhibit the synthesis of the induced antigen when they interfere with transformation.
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