Abstract
AbstractThe present experiments were carried out in order to elucidate further the following three questions: Is there any difference in “helper activity” between the diazotized rabbit serum albumin (RSA) molecule and the bovine γ‐globulin (BGG) molecule in the induction mechanism of antibody synthesis to sulfanilic acid (Sulf) in rabbits? Is there an optimal hapten density on a homologous carrier molecule for induction of and maximum antibody synthesis against sulfanilic acid? Does the hapten density affect the expression of, and antibody synthesis against the new antigenic determinants introduced through the haptencoupling reaction? Carrier antibody titers against diazotized RSA and BGG in the rabbits were significantly different when measured between day 7 and day 30, the BGG titer being higher. Thus, the higher anti‐Sulf antibody response observed in rabbits challenged with Sulf10 BGG compared to the anti‐Sulf response to Sulf11 RSA can presumably be related to a higher immunogenicity and thereby a more effective “helper” property of the BGG molecule.Anti‐Sulf antibody titers of similar magnitude were observed when using Sulf11 ‐, Sulf23 ‐, and Sulf40 RSA as immunogens, Sulf4 RSA elicitating a somewhat lower anti‐Sulf response. The anti‐Sulf antibodies produced against the different SulfRSA conjugates showed increasing proportions of 19 S antibodies with increasing hapten density.Antibody synthesis against new antigenic determinants was observed when using Sulf4‐, and Sulf11 RSA as immunogens, not observed when using Sulf23, and Sulf40 RSA. This finding was in agreement with the in vitro reactivity of the SulfRSA conjugates against sheep anti‐RSA: Sulf4 and Sulf11 RSA reacted with anti‐RSA, Sulf23, and Sulf40 RSA did not. These results are discussed on the basis of the cellular cooperation hypothesis, and multivalent binding of high density conjugates onto antibody‐forming precursor cells is proposed as a mechanism alternative to cellular cooperation.
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