Abstract
Biscuits are ready-to-eat and convenient food product containing important digestive and dietary principles of vital importance. The current research is aimed to develop value-added biscuits with good nutritional quality from cassava flour (CF) and mango flour (MF) and to evaluate the quality characteristics of formulated biscuits. MF was used at levels of 10, 15, 20 and 25% to substitute CF for biscuit formulations. The biscuits were subjected to nutritional, microbiological and sensory analysis after development. The nutritional analysis of cassava flour confirmed that it contains 7.47% moisture, 1.37% minerals, 3.71% protein, 0.67% fat, 9.42% dietary fiber and 74.5% soluble carbohydrates. The amylose content in the cassava flour was 19.8% with the solubility of 3.26g/100g. The average moisture content of the biscuits was 6.93%. The protein, fiber, fat, ash and vitamin C content increased with increase in the proportion of MF, with the 20% MF showed the values of 8.11%, 2.33%, 15.9%, 2.71% and 23.5 mg/100 g, respectively. The pH decreased significantly with the increase in MF supplementation. The microbiological examination, in terms of total plate count revealed that there was no evidence for any microbes observed in the developed biscuits. Organoleptic assessment showed that supplementation of CF biscuits with MF up to 20% did not significantly affect the colour, crispiness and taste except aroma compared with the market sample (control). The supplementation of CF with MF had been successful for the formulation of biscuits with improved nutritional and sensory qualities with the universal standards for biscuits.
Highlights
Biscuit is an energy food which is taken mostly in between meals by both young and old
Based on the results obtained in the sensory evaluation, the supplementation of cassava flour with mango flour up to 20% for the biscuits production did not significantly (p
This study revealed that the quality of cassava flour biscuits could be improved with supplementation of mango flour, in terms of protein, fiber, ash and vitamin C
Summary
Biscuit is an energy food which is taken mostly in between meals by both young and old They are nutritive snacks produced from unpalatable dough that is transformed into appetizing product through the application of heat in an oven. They are ready-to-eat, convenient and inexpensive food product, containing digestive and dietary principles of vital importance (Giwa and Abiodun, 2010). According to Montagnac et al (2009), cassava starch functionalities as stabilizers and physical properties including rheological and visco-elastic characteristics are dependent on two distinct structural polysaccharide fractions amylose and amylopectin. Gelatinization and retrogradation are two important physical behaviors of starch that are influenced by these polymer fractions
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