Abstract
The paper presents basic studies on the precipitation of platinum, palladium, rhodium, and ruthenium nanoparticles from model acidic solutions using sodium borohydride, ascorbic acid, and sodium formate as reducing agents and polyvinylpyrrolidone as a stabilizing agent. The size of the obtained PGM particles after precipitation with NaBH4 solution does not exceed 55 nm. NaBH4 is an efficient reducer; the precipitation yields for Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh are 75, 90, 65 and 85%, respectively. By precipitation with ascorbic acid, it is possible to efficiently separate Pt, Rh, and Ru from Pd from the two-component mixtures. The obtained Pt, Pd, and Rh precipitates have the catalytic ability of the catalytic reaction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol. The morphological characteristic of the PGM precipitates was analyzed by AFM, SEM-EDS, and TEM.
Highlights
platinum group metals (PGM) are among the most important in the metal industry
Platinum and/or palladium are responsible for the oxidation of hydrocarbons and CO, while NOx reduction is carried out with rhodium [4]
As the synthesis of PGM nanoparticles (NPs) is likely to have an important role in the future for catalytic reactions because nanoparticles are more active than catalysts of a large size [9], the authors have decided to focus on NP formation from leach solutions from secondary resources
Summary
PGMs (platinum group metals) are among the most important in the metal industry. The main advantages of PGMs include the ability to catalyze various chemical reactions, chemical and mechanical resistance, and resistance to high temperatures [1]. As the synthesis of PGM nanoparticles (NPs) is likely to have an important role in the future for catalytic reactions because nanoparticles are more active than catalysts of a large size [9], the authors have decided to focus on NP formation from leach solutions from secondary resources. Due to the use of significant amounts of PGM in industry and the high demand for these metals, new and efficient methods of recovering these metals are investigated For this purpose, hydrometallurgical methods can be applied to recover PGMs from converters to leach solutions and to recycle PGMs by synthesis of catalytically active nanomaterials. The development of an effective reduction method from leach solutions may have a significant impact on the recycling of precious metals from spent automotive converters and reuse of PGM, leading to limitation of metal mining from natural resources. The proposed fundamental research from various model solutions is vital to establish conditions that could be applied for the real leach solutions (e.g., after leaching of various waste materials-spent automotive converters) to produce catalytically active materials that may have a high application potential in the future, e.g., obtaining energy in the form of hydrogen through photoreforming from biomass or wastewater treatment from organic substances
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
