Studies on the effect of a nutritious vegetable, Telfairia occidentalis, on HbSS blood

Abstract

Medicinal plants have been used traditionally in Africa, especially Nigeria, in the management of sickle cell disorder (SCD) whose treatment has been mainly palliative. The antisickling properties of ethanol extract of Telfairia occidentalis Hook, F. (TO) (Family Cucurbitaceae) leaf was tested in vitro at concentrations 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mg/mL using inhibitory and reversal models. Nitrogen gas was used to induce hypoxia for 1 h. The effect of TO on red cell density and cell membrane were also determined. The methanol sub fraction of TO extract was subjected to GC/MS to identify some of the active compounds. The TO gave antisickling activities of 78.84 ± 1.34% inhibition and 95.4 ± 0.81% reversal, which are significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that of Ciklavit®. The TO extract gave a change in density of 17.83 ± 0.77% and a dose dependent activity on RBC membrane. Methyl 9-cis 11- trans-octadecadienoate; 1, 4- benzenedicarboxylic acid; 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (Linoleic acid); and hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (palmitic acid); were identified from TO ethanol leaf extract for the first time using GC/MS. This study authenticated the ethnomedicinal claims of the use of T. occidentalis in the management of sickle cell disorder.