Abstract
The main objective of this investigation was to study the Actinomycetales community in a Tunisian agricultural soil amended with different amounts of municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) or farmyard manure (FM). It was shown, by using the 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction—restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing methods for Actinomycetales isolates, tow major clusters. The cluster SI is composed of tow related families: Streptomycetaceae, dominant family and Pseudonocardiaceae. However, SII is composed of Nocardioidaceae family. The application of FM or MSWC increases the Actinomycetales number and affects their diversity by inhibition, stimulation or contribution of some species in soil. It was also shown, by the application of molecular techniques to soil samples using selective primers, that these three groups of Actinomycetales remain dominant even after 5 years of organic amendment application in soil.
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