Studies on Southeast Asian Haemaphysalis Ticks (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). Redescription, Hosts, and Distribution of H. traguli Oudemans. The Larva and Nymph of H. vidua W. and N. Identity of H. papuana toxopei Warburton (New Combination)

Abstract

Results of study of the type material of Haemaphysalis traguli Oudemans, 1928, and of H. monospinosa Krijgsman and Ponto, 1932, indicate that these are the same species and that specimens used for each original description were from the same collection (from Berhala Island, Indonesia). Other samples have also been studied and each sex and developmental stage is illustrated and redescribed. H. traguli is a highly specialized species related to H. pentalagi Pospelova-Shtrom, a parasite of the black rabbit of Liukiu Island, Japan. Each developmental stage of H. traguli is host specific on the lesser and larger mouse deer, or Malay chevrotain, Tragulus javanicus and T. napu, in Indonesia, Borneo, the Malaya peninsula, Thailand, and Burma. In addition, larvae and nymphs of H. vidua Warburton and Nuttall, 1909, are described for the first time; these, collected from a Malay civet, Viverra tangalunga, represent the first record of this tick from Borneo. H. papuana toxopei Warburton, 1927 (new combination), an Indonesian parasite that was previously inadequately described, is redescribed and illustrated from the lectotype and paralectotype specimens. Haemaphysalis traguli was briefly described by Oudemans (1928). Its identity and species relationships have been difficult to determine. Through the courtesy of Dr. L. van der Hammen, Curator of Invertebrates, Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, the type material has been restudied. H. monospinosa was described from a single male by Krijgsman and Ponto (1932). Through the kindness of Mr. W. H. Howell, Jr., formerly of the American Embassy, Djakarta, and Mr. S. Adisoemarto, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (formerly the Buitenzorg Museum), it has been possible to examine the holotype specimen of H. monospinosa. Received for publication 31 August 1964. * From Research Project MR005.09-1402.3, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Department, Washington, D. C. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private ones of the author and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Navy Department or the naval service at large. Labels with both lots mentioned above indicate that these specimens were originally part of a single collection. One male, which became the holotype of H. monospinosa, was retained at the Buitenzorg Museum while the remainder of the collection was sent to the Leiden Museum, where Oudemans described it as H. traguli. These specimens were all taken from a mouse deer or lesser Malay chevrotain, Tragulus javanicus (= Kanchil) subsp. (Artiodactyla, Tragulidae), Berhala Island (Riau Archipelago, east of Sumatra), Netherlands East Indies (now Indonesia), 8 August 1927, by Mr. van der Meer Mohr. A Malayan specimen sent to the writer by Professor John Hendrikson, formerly of the University of Malaya at Kuala Lumpur, spurred the need to determine the relationship between H. traguli and H. monospinosa. Mr. Glen Kohls, Colonel Robert Traub, USA, Captain R. E. Kuntz, USN, and Mr. M. Nadchatram have provided additional collections of H. traguli from Malaya and Borneo for compara-