Abstract
The high temperature superconductors are ceramic materials with layers of Copper-oxide spaced by layers containing Barium and other atoms. The Yttrium compound is somewhat unique in that it has a regular crystal structure while the Lanthanum version is classified as a solid solution. The Yttrium compound is often called the 1-2-3 superconductor because of the ratios of its constituents. Lanthanum Zirconium Yttrium Barium Calcium Copper Oxide (LaZrYBaCaCuO) was prepared by the usual solid state reaction method. In order to show the viability of the proposed method, super-conducting powder was prepared in special furnace. The sample was analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Particle size determination, SEM and EDX. The comparison of XRD results with JCPDS files confirmed the orthorhombic structure of the sample with a ≠ b ≠ c and α = β = γ = 90°. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies revealed that its particle size is in the nanometer range. It also confirmed the calculated value of particle size from Debye Scherrer’s formula. EDX spectrum shows the elements of the sample. X-ray instrumental peak broadening analysis was used to evaluate the size and lattice strain by the Williamson-Hall Plot method.
Highlights
IntroductionHard, strong in compression, weak in shearing and tension
Ceramic materials are brittle, hard, strong in compression, weak in shearing and tension
The La3+ metal atoms are surrounded by a 7 co-ordinate group of O2-atoms, the oxygen ions are in an octahedral shape around the metal atom and there is one oxygen ion above one of the octahedral faces Yttrium oxide (Y2O3) nanoparticle is an air-stable, solid substance white in color
Summary
Hard, strong in compression, weak in shearing and tension. They withstand chemical erosion that occurs in an acidic or caustic environment. Ceramics generally can withstand very high temperatures such as temperatures that range from 1000 ̊C to 1600 ̊C (1800 ̊F to 3000 ̊F). The results were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, EDX. The particle size was determined from XRD details by Debye Scherrer formula. The SEM studies revealed that its particle size is in hundred nanometer range. The EDX spectrum of LaZrYBaCaCuO gave the information on the elemental composition of the material. The particle size and strain of the material was found by Instrumental Broadening and Williamson-Hall Plot method
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